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Simulation-based multi-objective optimization combined with a DHM tool for occupant packaging design
University of Skövde, School of Engineering Science. University of Skövde, Virtual Engineering Research Environment. (User Centred Product Design (UCPD))ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0746-9816
University of Skövde, School of Engineering Science. University of Skövde, Virtual Engineering Research Environment. (User Centred Product Design (UCPD))ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3129-7076
University of Skövde, School of Engineering Science. University of Skövde, Virtual Engineering Research Environment. (User Centred Product Design (UCPD))ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4596-3815
University of Skövde, School of Informatics. University of Skövde, Informatics Research Environment. University of Skövde, School of Engineering Science. University of Skövde, Virtual Engineering Research Environment. (Interaction Lab (iLab))ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2254-1396
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2025 (English)In: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, ISSN 0169-8141, E-ISSN 1872-8219, Vol. 105, article id 103690Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Occupant packaging design is usually done using computer-aided design (CAD) and digital human modelling (DHM) tools. These tools help engineers and designers explore and identify vehicle cabin configurations that meet accommodation targets. However, studies indicate that current working methods are complicated and iterative, leading to time-consuming design procedures and reduced investigations of the solution space, in turn meaning that successful design solutions may not be discovered. This paper investigates potential advantages and challenges in using an automated simulation-based multi-objective optimization (SBMOO) method combined with a DHM tool to improve the occupant packaging design process. Specifically, the paper studies how SBMOO using a genetic algorithm can address challenges introduced by human anthropometric and postural variability in occupant packaging design. The investigation focuses on a fabricated design scenario involving the spatial location of the seat and steering wheel, as well as seat angle, taking into account ergonomics objectives and constraints for various end-users. The study indicates that the SBMOO-based method can improve effectiveness and aid designers in considering human variability in the occupant packaging design process.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2025. Vol. 105, article id 103690
National Category
Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Research subject
User Centred Product Design; Interaction Lab (ILAB); VF-KDO
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-24834DOI: 10.1016/j.ergon.2024.103690ISI: 001414380600001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85214303567OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-24834DiVA, id: diva2:1926911
Part of project
ADOPTIVE – Automated Design & Optimisation of Vehicle Ergonomics, Knowledge FoundationVirtual factories with knowledge-driven optimization (VF-KDO), Knowledge Foundation
Funder
Knowledge Foundation
Note

CC BY 4.0

Corresponding author: E-mail address: estela.perez.luque@his.se (E. Perez Luque).

This work has been made possible with support from the Knowledge Foundation in Sweden in the ADOPTIVE project, VF-KDO project, and by the participating organisations. This support is gratefully acknowledged.

Available from: 2025-01-13 Created: 2025-01-13 Last updated: 2025-09-29Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Human Posture and Motion Prediction for Automotive Ergonomics Design: Enhancing Functionality and Accuracy in Digital Human Modelling Tools
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Human Posture and Motion Prediction for Automotive Ergonomics Design: Enhancing Functionality and Accuracy in Digital Human Modelling Tools
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Product development (PD) increasingly relies on digital tools to support the process of exploring, generating, and evaluating product design proposals. Ergonomics plays a critical role in ensuring that product designs align with human capabilities and needs. Digital human modelling (DHM) tools can simulate human-product interactions and assess ergonomics virtually, before physical prototypes exist. In vehicle design, DHM tools are frequently applied in occupant packaging activities, supporting the design of vehicle interiors that accommodate a diverse user population. Still, although commonly used in industry, DHM tools have various limitations. One challenge is their limited ability to predict human postures and motions with sufficient accuracy. This inaccuracy is the result of current simulation procedures and the prediction models used. To compensate for this, DHM tool users often require significant manual adjustments to produce realistic postures, making the process time-consuming, subjective, and difficult to reproduce. Moreover, the simulation procedures themselves can be complex and inefficient, reducing their accessibility and usefulness in iterative design work. These limitations often lead to costly and time-consuming validation activities involving real users.

This thesis addresses these challenges by developing and evaluating methods and models to enhance the functionality and accuracy of posture and motion predictions in DHM tools. The main contributions are: (1) identifying current practices and challenges in industry when applying DHM tools for ergonomics in PD, (2) developing methods that increase the functionality of DHM tools through improved simulations methods, and (3) developing and evaluating posture and motion prediction models that support more reliable and efficient virtual ergonomics assessments. Collectively, the findings support a more proactive, systematic, and human-centred approach to ergonomics in PD processes.

Abstract [sv]

Produktutveckling förlitar sig alltmer på digitala verktyg för att stödja processen med att utforska, generera och utvärdera produktdesignförslag. Ergonomi spelar en avgörande roll för att säkerställa att produktdesignen är anpassad till människans förmågor och behov. Digitala verktyg för mänsklig modellering (digital human modelling - DHM) kan simulera interaktioner mellan människa och produkt och bedöma ergonomin virtuellt, innan det finns fysiska prototyper. Inom fordonsdesign används DHM-verktyg ofta i aktiviteter som rör förar- och passagerarergonomi, för att stödja utformningen av fordonsinteriörer som passar en mångfald av användare. Dock, även om DHM-verktyg ofta används i industrin, så finns begränsningar av olika slag. En begränsning är DHM-verktygens förmåga att förutsäga mänskliga kroppsställningar och -rörelser med tillräcklig noggrannhet. Denna brist på noggrannhet beror på de nuvarande simuleringsförfarandena och de prediktionsmodeller som används. För att kompensera för detta behöver användare av DHM-verktyg ofta göra betydande manuella justeringar för att åstadkomma realistiska kroppsställningar, vilket gör processen tidskrävande, subjektiv och svår att reproducera. Dessutom kan simuleringsförfarandena i sig vara komplexa och ineffektiva, vilket minskar deras tillgänglighet och användbarhet i iterativt designarbete. Dessa begränsningar leder ofta till kostsamma och tidskrävande valideringsaktiviteter som involverar verkliga användare.

Avhandlingen behandlar dessa utmaningar genom att utveckla och utvärdera metoder och modeller för att förbättra funktionaliteten och noggrannheten av prediktioner av kroppsställningar och -rörelser i DHM-verktyg. De viktigaste bidragen är: (1) identifiering av rådande praktik och utmaningar i industrin vid användning av DHM-verktyg för ergonomi i produktutveckling, (2) utveckling av metoder som ökar funktionaliteten hos DHM-verktyg genom förbättrade simuleringsmetoder, och (3) utveckling och utvärdering av prediktionsmodeller för kroppsställningar och -rörelser som stöder mer tillförlitliga och effektiva virtuella ergonomiska bedömningar. Sammantaget stöder resultaten ett mer proaktivt, systematiskt och människocentrerat förhållningssätt för beaktande av ergonomi i produktutvecklingsprocesser.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Skövde: University of Skövde, 2025. p. xi, 70 [196]
Series
Dissertation Series ; 65
National Category
Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Research subject
User Centred Product Design
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:his:diva-25793 (URN)978-91-989080-3-9 (ISBN)978-91-989080-4-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-10-10, ASSAR Industrial Innovation Arena, Kavelbrovägen 2b, Skövde, 09:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

Ett av sex delarbeten (övriga se rubriken Delarbeten/List of papers):

F. Perez Luque, E., Lee, S., Högberg, D. Yang, J. & Lamb, M. (2025). Predicting Human Upper Extremity Reaching Motions: Comparison of Optimization-based Method and Heuristic Method. Journal Paper. Submitted to a scientific journal.

Paper D som submitted:

Perez Luque, E., Brolin, E., Nurbo, P., Lamb, M. & Högberg, D. (2025). Comparison of Driving Posture and Position Prediction Methods for Occupant Packaging Design. Journal Paper. Under Review Process in the International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics. [Titel som publicerat: A case study of digital human modelling assisted occupant packaging design: comparing driving posture and position prediction methods]

Available from: 2025-09-04 Created: 2025-09-03 Last updated: 2026-01-08Bibliographically approved

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Perez Luque, EstelaIriondo Pascual, AitorHögberg, DanLamb, MauriceBrolin, Erik

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