Cancer is still one amongst the leading death causes in the present world. Prostate, rectal, and gynecological cancers are prevalent types of cancers in the pelvic region. Approximately one million patients undergo pelvic radiotherapy worldwide every year. Unfortunately, the surrounding tissues can suffer from unintended radiation damage, leading to symptoms collectively known as pelvic radiation disease. In the project BIOSURV (BIOpsies in cancer SURVivors), 24 pelvic cancer survivors and four non-irradiated controls were previously biopsied in colorectal areas that had received no, high, or low dose of radiation. Even after 20 years, the biopsy samples that received high doses of radiation exhibited low-grade inflammation. In the current study, we hypothesize that some of the symptoms are a result of the inflammation, and that there is an overlap in the molecular pathways of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Pelvic Radiation Disease (PRD), which could potentially be exploited for therapeutic purposes in PRD patients. One of the common pathways identified between the PRD and IBD data sets is the TNF-alpha signaling pathway. TNF-α blockers are known to be used to treat IBD. In this thesis, the major laboratory work involved validating TNF-alpha by staining FFPE biopsy sections using immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques to detect TNF-α at the protein level and using RNA scope® ISH to validate TNF-α at the mRNA level. Our findings from visual inspection of the graphs from RNA scope data indicates an increased expression of TNF-alpha mRNA in irradiated biopsies compared to non-irradiated biopsies in PRD.