Context: In recent years, microservices have revolutionized the way software is developed, deployed, and managed compared to monolithic architecture. The evolution of microservices has underscored the necessity of container technology. Containers offer an efficient way to encapsulate applications, enabling isolated, scal-able, and consistent environments across various platforms. However, the shift towards containerized environments has also introduced new security challenges and mitigation strategies.
Objective: This research aims to introduce a taxonomy of the main security challenges encountered by container technology and the mitigation strategies to address these security challenges.
Method: This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of studies related to the security challenges faced by container technology and key success factors. The candidate studies include 18 peer-reviewed scientific articles and one book published between 2018 and 2024. Through this extensive review, the research identifies security risks faced by containers. Additionally, the study explores effective mitigation strategies to address these risks.