This chapter examines integrating the Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) with Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) to analyze and enhance socio-technical production systems in the context of Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0. It highlights the complexity of interactions among technologies, humans, and societal elements, emphasizing FRAM’s potential for quantitative analysis and its combination with DES for system improvement, risk prevention, and resilience. Practical case studies demonstrate these methods’ applications, illustrating their contributions to system performance and risk assessment, paving the way for more advanced industries and societies.