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HMI-design för servicetekniker: En kognitiv belastningsansats för att optimera tolkning av felkoder och kalibrering: Tillämpning av Cognitive Load Theory, Situation Awareness och UX-designprinciper för att förbättra service av gaffeltruckar
University of Skövde, School of Informatics.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
HMI Design for Service Technicians: A Cognitive Load Approach to Enhancing Fault Code Interpretation and Calibration : Applying Cognitive Load Theory, Situation Awareness and UX Design Principles to Improve forklift service (English)
Abstract [sv]

Detta arbete undersöker hur designen av en gaffeltrucks-display påverkar användares kognitiva arbetsbelastning och förmåga att upprätthålla situationsmedvetenhet i operativa miljöer. Studien tar sin utgångspunkt i två centrala teorier: Cognitive Load Theory (Sweller, 2011), som behandlar hur mental belastning påverkar inlärning och prestation, samt Situation Awareness (Endsley, 1995), som belyser hur användare uppfattar, tolkar och förutser information i dynamiska situationer.

Med stöd i dessa teorier genomfördes en kvalitativ fallstudie i samarbete med Toyota Material Handling Manufacturing AB i Mjölby under våren 2025. Fokus låg på serviceteknikers felsökningsarbete, där den inbyggda 7-tumsdisplayen utgör det primära gränssnittet mellan användare och truck. Syftet var att undersöka hur Human-Machine Interface (HMI) kan förbättras för att effektivt stödja servicetekniker i deras arbetsflöde.

Resultaten visar att teknikerna upplever varierande grad av kognitiv belastning, ofta kopplad till hur informationen struktureras, visualiseras och distribueras över olika system. Svårigheter med att tolka felkoder, hitta relevant information samt att navigera mellan olika verktyg påverkade deras förmåga att fatta snabba och välgrundade beslut.

Utifrån dessa insikter presenteras ett antal designriktlinjer som syftar till att minska onödig kognitiv belastning och stärka situationsmedvetenheten. Studien bidrar med både empirisk insikt och praktiska rekommendationer inom fältet Human-Machine Interface (HMI) och kognitiv design.

Abstract [en]

This study investigates how the design of a forklift display influences users’ cognitive workload and their ability to maintain situation awareness in operational environments. The research is grounded in two central theoretical frameworks: Cognitive Load Theory (Sweller, 2011), which examines how mental effort affects learning and performance, and Situation Awareness (Endsley, 1995), which explores how users perceive, interpret, and anticipate information in dynamic contexts.

Drawing on these theories, a qualitative case study was conducted in collaboration with Toyota Material Handling Manufacturing AB in Mjölby during spring in 2025. The study focused on the troubleshooting work of service technicians, where the built-in 7-inch display functions as the primary interface between the user and the forklift. The aim was to explore how the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) can be improved to more effectively support service technicians in their workflow.

The results indicate that technicians experience varying levels of cognitive load, often linked to how information is structured, visualized, and distributed across different systems. Difficulties in interpreting error codes, locating relevant information, and navigating between tools negatively impacted their ability to make quick and well-informed decisions.

Based on these insights, a set of design guidelines is proposed to reduce unnecessary cognitive load and enhance situation awareness. The study offers both empirical insights and practical recommendations within the fields of Human-Machine Interface (HMI) and cognitive design.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 56
Keywords [en]
Human-Machine Interface (HMI), Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), Situation Awareness, User Experience Design (UXD), Fault Codes and Calibration, Forklift
Keywords [sv]
Human-Machine Interface (HMI), Cognitive Load Theory (CLT), Situation Awareness (SA), User Experience Design (UXD), Felkoder och kalibrering, Gaffeltruck
National Category
Human Computer Interaction Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-25426OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-25426DiVA, id: diva2:1981426
External cooperation
Toyota Material Handling Manufacturing Sweden AB
Subject / course
Informationsteknologi
Educational program
User Experience Design
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-07-04 Created: 2025-07-04 Last updated: 2025-07-08Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

The full text will be freely available from 2025-08-01 08:00
Available from 2025-08-01 08:00

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Human Computer InteractionProduction Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics

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