Högskolan i Skövde

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Varför väljer ungdomar e-cigaretter?: En litteraturöversikt om bakomliggande orsaker
University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences.
University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Why do adolescents choose e-cigarettes? : A literature review of underlying causes (English)
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Användning av e-cigaretter bland ungdomar har ökat trots lagar som reglerar marknadsföring och försäljning. Produkterna innehåller nikotin och andra ämnen som kan påverka ungdomars psykiska och fysiska hälsa negativt. E-cigaretter upplevs ofta som mindre farliga än traditionella cigaretter och framställs genom smakämnen, design och marknadsföring på sociala medier som attraktiva för unga. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt är att belysa de bakomliggande orsaker som gör att ungdomar väljer att använda e-cigaretter. Metod: En systematisk litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ ansats har genomförts. Elva peer-reviewed studier inkluderades och analyserades med hjälp av innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Resultat: Sex teman identifierades som är: familj, vänner och skola som påverkansfaktorer, ungdomars psykologiska motiv, ungdomars beteende och attityd, e-cigaretters attraktiva egenskaper, ungdomars bristande kunskap om e-cigaretter samt ungdomars upplevelser av e-cigaretters tillgänglighet. Slutsats: E-cigarettanvändning bland ungdomar är ett komplext problem där psykosociala, strukturella och individuella faktorer samverkar. Skolsköterskan har en central roll i att förebygga användning av e-cigaretter genom hälsofrämjande samtal, kunskapsförmedling och normmedvetet arbete i skolmiljön. Utifrån resultatet kan slutsats tas om att det finns behov av fortsatt forskning om hur skolsköterskans insatser kan anpassas efter ungas perspektiv och behov.

Abstract [en]

Background: The use of e-cigarettes among adolescents has increased despite existing legislation regulating marketing and sales. These products contain nicotine and other substances that may negatively affect adolescents physical and mental health. E-cigarettes are often perceived as less harmful than traditional cigarettes and are presented through appealing flavors, sleek designs, and marketing on social media in ways that attract young users. Aim: The aim of this literature review is to highlight the underlying causes that lead adolescents to choose to use e-cigarettes. Method: A systematic literature review with a qualitative approach was conducted. Eleven peer-reviewed studies were included and analyzed using latent content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman. Results: Six themes were identified: influence from family, peers, and school, psychological motives, adolescent behaviors and attitudes, appealing product features, lack of knowledge, and perceived accessibility. E-cigarette use is influenced by social norms, emotional regulation, insufficient awareness of health risks, and ease of access through both digital platforms and peer networks. Conclusion: E-cigarette use among adolescents is a complex issue involving the interplay of psychosocial, structural, and individual factors. The school nurse plays a central role in preventing e-cigarette use through health-promoting conversations, knowledge dissemination, and norm-aware work within the school environment. Based on the results, it can be concluded that there is a need for further research on how the school nurse's interventions can be adapted to the perspectives and needs of young people.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 34
Keywords [en]
Adolescents, e-cigarettes, health promotion, nicotine, school nurse
Keywords [sv]
E-cigaretter, hälsofrämjande arbete, nikotin, ungdomar, skolsköterska
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-25384OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-25384DiVA, id: diva2:1978504
Subject / course
Nursing/Nursing Science
Educational program
School Nurse - Specialist Nursing Programme
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-06-27 Created: 2025-06-27 Last updated: 2025-06-27Bibliographically approved

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