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  • 1.
    Arvidsson, Louise
    et al.
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Birkhed, Dowen
    Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hunsberger, Monica
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Lanfer, Anne
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS GmbH, Bremen, Germany.
    Lissner, Lauren
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Mehlig, Kirsten
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Mårild, Staffan
    Department of Paediatrics, Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Eiben, Gabriele
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    BMI, eating habits and sleep in relation to salivary counts of mutans streptococci in children - the IDEFICS Sweden study2016In: Public Health Nutrition, ISSN 1368-9800, E-ISSN 1475-2727, Vol. 19, no 6, p. 1088-1092Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The objective of the present study was to investigate the association between salivary counts of mutans streptococci (MS) and children's weight status, while considering associated covariates. MS ferments carbohydrates from the diet and contributes to caries by lowering the pH in dental plaque. In adults, high counts of MS in saliva have been associated with overweight, but this has not been shown in children. Design: Cross-sectional study investigating salivary counts of MS, BMI Z-score, waist circumference, meal frequency, sugar propensity and sleep duration, in children. Setting: West Sweden. Subjects: Children (n 271) aged 4-11 years. Results: Medium-high counts of MS were positively associated with higher BMI Z-score (OR=1.6; 95 % CI 1.1, 2.3). Positive associations were also found between medium-high counts of MS and more frequent meals per day (OR=1.5; 95 % CI 1.1, 2.2), greater percentage of sugar-rich foods consumed (OR=1.1; 95 % CI 1.0, 1.3) and female sex (OR=2.4; 95 % CI 1.1, 5.4). A negative association was found between medium-high counts of MS and longer sleep duration (OR=0.5; 95 % CI 0.3, 1.0). Conclusions: BMI Z-score was associated with counts of MS. Promoting adequate sleep duration and limiting the intake frequency of sugar-rich foods and beverages could provide multiple benefits in public health interventions aimed at reducing dental caries and childhood overweight.

  • 2.
    Arvidsson, Louise
    et al.
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Bogl, L. H.
    Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Finland.
    Eiben, Gabriele
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hebestreit, A.
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology – BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    Nagy, P.
    Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, Hungary.
    Tornaritis, M.
    Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus.
    Moreno, L. A.
    GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition, and Development) research group, University of Zaragoza, Spain.
    Siani, A.
    Epidemiology & Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, Avellino, Italy.
    Veidebaum, T.
    Research Centre, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
    De Henauw, S.
    Department of Public Health, University of Ghent, Belgium.
    Lissner, L.
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Fat, sugar and water intakes among families from the IDEFICS intervention and control groups: first observations from I.Family2015In: Obesity Reviews, ISSN 1467-7881, E-ISSN 1467-789X, Vol. 16, no Suppl. 2, p. 127-137Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The objective of this paper is to investigate differences in diets of families in intervention versus control communities 5years after the Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants intervention ended. MethodsAltogether, 4,691 families from the I.Family study with at least one participating parent and one child are included in this analysis. Diet quality indicators, defined as propensities to consume fat, sugar, water and fruit and vegetables, are calculated from a 59-item food frequency questionnaire. Multilevel linear models with random intercepts for study centre are used to determine whether mean diet indicators, calculated at the family level, differed as a function of previous exposure to the intervention. ResultsFamilies in the intervention communities reported a significantly lower sugar propensity (19.8% vs. 20.7% of total food items, p<0.01) and a higher water propensity (47.3% vs. 46.0% of total beverages, p<0.05) compared with families in the control communities, while fat and fruit and vegetables propensities were similar. No significant diet differences between intervention and control children were present at the Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants baseline. DiscussionThis result indicates better diet quality in intervention families, which was not present in children when their diets were assessed before the intervention, and gives some cause for optimism regarding the sustainability of some aspects of the diet intervention.

  • 3.
    Arvidsson, Louise
    et al.
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Eiben, Gabriele
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hunsberger, Monica
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse
    Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
    Molnar, Denes
    Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Center, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary.
    Jilani, Hannah
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstrasse 30, Bremen, 283 59, Germany.
    Thumann, Barbara
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstrasse 30, Bremen, 283 59, Germany.
    Veidebaum, Toomas
    National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
    Russo, Paola
    Institute of Food Sciences, CNR Via Roma, Avellino, 64-83100, Italy.
    Tornatitis, Michael
    Research and Education Institute of Child Health REF, Strovolos, Cyprus.
    Santaliestra-Pasías, Alba M
    GENUD (Growth Exercise, Nutrition, and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain.
    Pala, Valeria
    Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy.
    Lissner, Lauren
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 453, Gothenburg, 405 30, Sweden.
    Bidirectional associations between psychosocial well-being and adherence to healthy dietary guidelines in European children: prospective findings from the IDEFICS study2017In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 17, no 1, article id 926Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: In children the relationship between a healthy diet and psychosocial well-being has not been fully explored and the existing evidence is inconsistent. This study investigates the chronology of the association between children's adherence to healthy dietary guidelines and their well-being, with special attention to the influence of weight status on the association.

    METHODS: Seven thousand six hundred seventy five children 2 to 9 years old from the eight-country cohort study IDEFICS were investigated. They were first examined between September 2007 and June 2008 and re-examined again 2 years later. Psychosocial well-being was measured using self-esteem and parent relations questions from the KINDL® and emotional and peer problems from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. A Healthy Dietary Adherence Score (HDAS) was calculated from a 43-item food frequency questionnaire as a measure of the degree to which children's dietary intake follows nutrition guidelines. The analysis employed multilevel logistic regression (country as random effect) with bidirectional modeling of dichotomous dietary and well-being variables as both exposures and outcomes while controlling for respective baseline values.

    RESULTS: A higher HDAS at baseline was associated with better self-esteem (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0;1.4) and fewer emotional and peer problems (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.1;1.3 and OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2;1.4) 2 years later. For the reversed direction, better self-esteem was associated with higher HDAS 2 years later (OR 1.1 95% CI 1.0;1.29). The analysis stratified by weight status revealed that the associations between higher HDAS at baseline and better well-being at follow-up were similar in both normal weight and overweight children.

    CONCLUSION: Present findings suggest a bidirectional relation between diet quality and self-esteem. Additionally, higher adherence to healthy dietary guidelines at baseline was associated with fewer emotional and peer problems at follow-up, independent of children's weight status.

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  • 4.
    Guo, Annie
    et al.
    Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Wide, Ulla
    Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden ; Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.
    Arvidsson, Louise
    University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences. University of Skövde, Digital Health Research (DHEAR).
    Eiben, Gabriele
    University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences. University of Skövde, Digital Health Research (DHEAR).
    Hakeberg, Magnus
    Department of Behavioral and Community Dentistry, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden ; Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden.
    Dietary intake and meal patterns among young adults with high caries activity: a cross-sectional study2022In: BMC Oral Health, ISSN 1472-6831, E-ISSN 1472-6831, Vol. 22, article id 190Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that is highly dependent on diet, where a lower consumption and intake frequency of sugar would be favorable. The aims were (i) to examine dietary intake and meal patterns, more specifically sugar intake and foods high in sugar, among young adults with high caries activity, and (ii) to investigate the association between dietary and meal patterns consumption, and level of caries activity.

    Methods

    This study presents baseline data from an ongoing randomized controlled trial. A total of 50 young adults (aged 23.0 ± 3.0 years) with ≥ 2 decayed tooth surfaces were included. Dietary intake was captured with a 59-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a three-day food diary. Adherence to dietary guidelines was analyzed by comparing the dietary intake to the Nordic Nutritional Recommendations (NNR) 2012 and by using the Healthy Dietary Adherence score (HDAS). Participants were categorized into two groups: (i) the Caries group with 2–4 decayed surfaces, and (ii) the High caries group with ≥ 5 decayed surfaces.

    Results

    The High caries group reported a statistically significantly higher snack and total meal intake compared to the Caries group, as well as a sugar intake exceeding the Nordic nutritional recommendations. The majority of the participants reported a high intake frequency (> 2.5/day) of sweet foods and drinks and less than one intake of fruit and vegetables, respectively, per day. Similar results were found when analyzing adherence by using the HDAS, where the lowest adherence according to dietary guidelines was shown for the food groups of sugar, whole meal products, and fruit and vegetables.

    Conclusion

    The results indicated a high intake of sugar and low intake of fruit, vegetables, and fiber in high caries-active individuals.

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  • 5.
    Guzmán, Viveka
    et al.
    Division of Population Health, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
    Lissner, Lauren
    Institute of Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Arvidsson, Louise
    University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences. University of Skövde, Digital Health Research (DHEAR).
    Hebestreit, Antje
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    Solea, Antonia
    Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus.
    Lauria, Fabio
    Institute of Food Sciences National Research Council, Avellino, Italy.
    Kaprio, Jaakko
    Department of Public Health University of Helsinki, Finland.
    Reisch, Lucia A.
    Department of Management, Society and Communication Copenhagen Business School, Denmark.
    Moreno, Luis
    Universidad de Zaragoza E.U. Ciencias de la Salud, Zaragoza, Spain.
    Felső, Regina
    Department of Paediatrics, Clinical Centre University of Pécs, Hungary.
    de Henauw, Stefaan
    Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ghent University, Belgium.
    Veidebaum, Tomas
    National Institute for Health Development Tallinn, Estonia.
    Ahrens, Wolfgang
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    Hunsberger, Monica
    Institute of Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    I.Family consortium, (Contributor)
    Associations of Sleep Duration and Screen Time with Incidence of Overweight in European Children: The IDEFICS/I.Family Cohort2022In: Obesity Facts, ISSN 1662-4025, E-ISSN 1662-4033, Vol. 15, no 1, p. 55-61Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: Over the past decades, children have been increasingly using screen devices, while at the same time their sleep duration has decreased. Both behaviors have been associated with excess weight, and it is possible they act as mutually reinforcing behaviors for weight gain. The aim of the study was to explore independent, prospective associations of screen time and sleep duration with incident overweight in a sample of European children.

    METHODS: Data from 4,285 children of the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort who were followed up from 2009/2010 to 2013/2014 were analyzed. Hours per day of screen time and of sleep duration were reported by parents at baseline. Logistic regression analyses were carried out in separate and mutually adjusted models controlled for sex, age, European country region, parental level of education, and baseline BMI z-scores.

    RESULTS: Among normal weight children at baseline (N = 3,734), separate models suggest that every hour increase in screen time and every hour decrease in sleep duration were associated with higher odds of the child becoming overweight or obese at follow-up (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02-1.32 and OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.05-1.43, respectively). In the mutually adjusted model, both associations were attenuated slightly ( screen time OR = 1.13, 95% CI: 0.99-1.28; sleep duration OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03-1.40), being consistently somewhat stronger for sleep duration.

    DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Both screen time and sleep duration increased the incidence of overweight or obesity by 13-20%. Interventions that include an emphasis on adequate sleep and minimal screen time are needed to establish their causal role in the prevention of overweight and obesity among European children.

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  • 6.
    Olsson, Maja Magdalena
    et al.
    University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences. Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Nursing, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
    Lewis, Aaran Thomas
    Cochlear Ltd., Mölnlycke, Sweden.
    Arvidsson, Louise
    University of Skövde, Digital Health Research (DHEAR). University of Skövde, School of Health Sciences.
    Hua, Håkan
    Cochlear Ltd., Mölnlycke, Sweden.
    Health-Related Quality of Life and Work Satisfaction in Working-Aged Adults Pre- and Post-Cochlear Implant: A Longitudinal Study2022In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, E-ISSN 2077-0383, Vol. 11, no 23, article id 7024Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Hearing loss is a growing public health concern associated with decreased health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and a negative impact on work life. Knowledge about the long-term benefits for patients receiving cochlear implants may provide knowledge imperative for policymakers to promote better HRQoL and working life outcomes for individuals with hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to explore how HRQoL, hearing disabilities, and work satisfaction outcomes changed in working-aged adults with severe to profound hearing loss from pre- to post-receiving a cochlear implant (CI) between the baseline, year one, and year two. This longitudinal study used Cochlear’s Implant Recipient Observational Study (IROS) registry data to assess HRQoL, hearing disabilities, and work satisfaction in 18–65-year-old CI recipients. Data were collected pre- and post-implantation at baseline, year one, and year two follow-up. One hundred and twenty-seven CI recipients participated in the study. Significant improvements were observed for HRQoL outcomes for hearing, speech, emotion, and health utility post-implant. Overall hearing disability decreased post-CI, and work satisfaction improved. With the increasing prevalence of hearing disabilities, this is pertinent knowledge that supports the use of CIs for hearing rehabilitation which may promote better HRQoL and work satisfaction. 

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  • 7.
    Thumann, Barbara F.
    et al.
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany ; Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Germany ; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
    Börnhorst, Claudia
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    Ahrens, Wolfgang
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany ; Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Bremen, Germany.
    Arvidsson, Louise
    Section for Epidemiology and Social Medicine (EPSO), The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Gwozdz, Wencke
    Copenhagen Business School, Frederiksberg, Denmark ; Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany.
    Iguacel, Isabel
    GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Spain.
    Mårild, Staffan
    Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Molnár, Dénes
    Department of Paediatrics, Medical School, University of Pécs, Hungary.
    Rach, Stefan
    Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany.
    Russo, Paola
    Institute of Food Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino, Italy.
    Tornaritis, Michael
    Research and Education Institute of Child Health, Strovolos, Cyprus.
    Veidebaum, Toomas
    Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
    De Henauw, Stefaan
    Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
    Michels, Nathalie
    Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium.
    Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations Between Psychosocial Well-Being and Cardiometabolic Markers in European Children and Adolescents2020In: Psychosomatic Medicine, ISSN 0033-3174, E-ISSN 1534-7796, Vol. 82, no 8, p. 764-773Article in journal (Refereed)
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