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  • 1.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Academy of Innovation & Research, Falmouth University, Cornwall, United kingdom.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    A Cloud Service Control Approach for Distributed and Adaptive Equipment Control in Cloud Environments2016Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, E-ISSN 2212-8271, Vol. 41, s. 644-649Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    A developing trend within the manufacturing shop-floor domain is the move of manufacturing activities into cloud environments, as scalable, on-demand and pay-per-usage cloud services. This will radically change traditional manufacturing, as borderless, distributed and collaborative manufacturing missions between volatile, best suited groups of partners will impose a multitude of advantages. The evolving Cloud Manufacturing (CM) paradigm will enable this new manufacturing concept, and on-going research has described many of its anticipated core virtues and enabling technologies. However, a major key enabling technology within CM which has not yet been fully addressed is the dynamic and distributed planning, control and execution of scattered and cooperating shop-floor equipment, completing joint manufacturing tasks.

    In this paper, the technological perspective for a cloud service-based control approach is described, and how it could be implemented. Existing manufacturing resources, such as soft, hard and capability resources, can be packaged as cloud services, and combined to create different levels of equipment or manufacturing control, ranging from low-level control of single machines or devices (e.g. Robot Control-as-a-Service), up to the execution of high level multi-process manufacturing tasks (e.g. Manufacturing-as-a-Service). A multi-layer control approach, featuring adaptive decision-making for both global and local environmental conditions, is proposed. This is realized through the use of a network of intelligent and distributable decision modules such as event-driven Function Blocks, enabling run-time manufacturing activities to be performed according to actual manufacturing conditions. The control system’s integration to the CM cloud service management functionality is also described.

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  • 2.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Event-Driven Adaptability using IEC 61499 in Manufacturing Systems2012Ingår i: Proceedings of The 5th International Swedish Production Symposium, SPS12 / [ed] Mats Björkman, Linköping: The Swedish Production Academy , 2012, s. 453-460Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Different kinds of uncertainty, such as variations in manufacturing capability and functionality, as well as changes in demand, make up a dynamically changing environment for many manufacturing systems of today. The ability to adapt to these unforeseen changes, through dynamic decision-making as well as dynamic control capabilities based on the use of real-time manufacturing information and intelligence, is vital to be able to perform at a competitive level while reducing unscheduled downtime. The event-driven Function Block (FB) model of the IEC 61499 standard, as opposed to the time-triggered and data-driven concept of IEC 61331, supports this approach, making it possible to handle, in a responsive and adaptive way, different kinds of uncertainty. Our objective is to develop methodologies for distributed, adaptive and dynamic process planning as well as machine monitoring and control for machining and assembly operations, using event-driven FBs. The implementation and testing of FB-based control for manufacturing equipment has been successfully realized in prototype systems, with control of both CNC machining and robotic assembly operations. The approach of using IEC 61499 FBs for adaptive control in other applications is also investigated, as an adaptive decision support system for operators at manufacturing facilities is under development. We strongly believe that IEC 61499 will play a major role in the shift to adaptive manufacturing systems.

  • 3.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Moore, Philip
    University College Falmouth, United Kingdom.
    Adaptive Assembly Feature Based Function Block Control of Robotic Assembly Operations2012Ingår i: The 13th Mechatronics Forum International Conference Proceedings: Vol. 1/3 / [ed] Rudolf Scheidl & Bernhard Jakoby, Linz: TRAUNER Verlag, 2012, s. 8-13Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Many manufacturing systems are exposed to a variety of unforeseen changes, negatively restricting their performances. External variations depending on market demand (e.g. changes in design, quantity and product mix) and internal variations in production capability and flexibility (e.g. equipment breakdowns, missing/worn/broken tools, delays and express orders) all contribute to an environment of uncertainty. In these dynamically changing environments, adaptability is a key feature for manufacturing systems to be able to perform at a maximum level, while keeping unscheduled downtime to a minimum. Targeting manufacturing equipment adaptability, this paper reports an assembly feature (AF) based approach for robotic assembly, using IEC 61499 compliant Function Blocks (FBs). Through the use of a network of event-driven FBs, an adaptive controller system for an industrial gantry robot’s assembly operations has been designed, implemented and tested. Basic assembly operations have been mapped as AFs into Assembly Feature Function Blocks (AF-FBs). Through their combination in FB networks, they can be aggregated to perform higher level assembly tasks. The AF-FBs dynamic execution and behavior can be adaptively controlled through embedded eventdriven algorithms, enabling the ability of adaptive decisions to handle unforeseen changes in the runtime environment.

  • 4.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Department of Production Engineering Royal Institute of Technology 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    The state of the art of cloud manufacturing and future trends2013Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2013 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference MSEC2013 June 10-14, 2013, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, ASME - The American Society of Mechanical Engineers , 2013, Vol. 2, s. Article number-, artikel-id MSEC2013-1123Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Cloud manufacturing has emerged as a new manufacturing paradigm, which combines technologies (such as Internet of Things, Cloud computing, semantic Web, virtualisation and service-oriented technologies) with advanced manufacturing models, information and communication technologies. It aims to be networked, intelligent, service-oriented, knowledge-based and energy efficient, and promises a variety of benefits and advantages by providing fast, reliable and secure on-demand services for users. It is envisioned that companies in all sectors of manufacturing will be able to package their resources and know-hows in the Cloud, making them conveniently available for others through pay-as-you-go, which is also timely and economically attractive. Resources, e.g. manufacturing software tools, applications, knowledge and fabrication capabilities, will then be made accessible to presumptive consumers on a worldwide basis. After surveying a vast array of available publications, this paper presents an up-to-date literature review together with future trends and research directions in Cloud manufacturing.

  • 5.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Falmouth University, Cornwall, UK.
    Adaptive Robot Control as a Service in Cloud Manufacturing2015Ingår i: ASME 2015 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference: Volume 2: Materials; Biomanufacturing; Properties, Applications and Systems; Sustainable Manufacturing, ASME Press, 2015, Vol. 2, s. Paper No. MSEC2015-9479-Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The interest for implementing the concept of Manufacturing-as-a-Service is increasing as concepts for letting the manufacturing shop-floor domain take advantage of the cloud appears. Combining technologies such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Semantic Web, virtualisation and service-oriented technologies with advanced manufacturing models, information and communication technologies, Cloud Manufacturing (CM) is emerging as a new manufacturing paradigm. The ideas of on-demand, scalable and pay-for-usage resource-sharing in this concept will move manufacturing towards distributed and collaborative missions in volatile partnerships. This will require a control approach for distributed planning and execution of cooperating manufacturing activities. Without control based on both global and local environmental conditions, the advantages of CM will not be fulfilled.

    By utilising smart and distributable decision modules such as event-driven FBs, run-time manufacturing operations in a distributed environment may be adjusted to prevailing manufacturing conditions. Packaged in a cloud service for manufacturing equipment control, it will satisfy the control needs in CM. By combining different resource types, such as hard, soft and capability resources, the cloud service Robot Control-as-a-Service can be realised.

    This paper describes the functional perspective and enabling technologies for a control approach for robotic assembly tasks in CM, and describes a scenario for its implementation.

  • 6.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Production Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Academy for Innovation & Research, Falmouth University, UK.
    Adaptive Robotic Control in Cloud Environments2014Ingår i: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing / [ed] F. Frank Chen, Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA: DEStech Publications, Inc , 2014, s. 37-44Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The increasing globalization is a trend which forces manufacturing industry of today to focus on more cost-effective manufacturing systems and collaboration within global supply chains and manufacturing networks. Cloud Manufacturing (CM) is evolving as a new manufacturing paradigm to match this trend, enabling the mutually advantageous sharing of resources, knowledge and information between distributed companies and manufacturing units. Providing a framework for collaboration within complex and critical tasks, such as manufacturing and design, it increases the companies’ ability to successfully compete on a global marketplace. One of the major, crucial objectives for CM is the coordinated planning, control and execution of discrete manufacturing operations in a collaborative and networked environment. This paper describes the overall concept of adaptive Function Block control of manufacturing equipment in Cloud environments, with the specific focus on robotic assembly operations, and presents Cloud Robotics as “Robot Control-as-a-Service” within CM.

  • 7.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Department of Production Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Academy for Innovation & Research, Falmouth University, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
    Cloud Manufacturing: A Critical Review of Recent Development and Future Trends2017Ingår i: International journal of computer integrated manufacturing (Print), ISSN 0951-192X, E-ISSN 1362-3052, Vol. 30, nr 4-5, s. 347-380Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    There is an on-going paradigm shift in manufacturing, in which modern manufacturing industry is changing towards global manufacturing networks and supply chains. This will lead to the flexible usage of different globally distributed, scalable and sustainable, service-oriented manufacturing systems and resources. Combining recently emerged technologies, such as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Semantic Web, service-oriented technologies, virtualisation and advanced high-performance computing technologies, with advanced manufacturing models and information technologies, Cloud Manufacturing is a new manufacturing paradigm built on resource sharing, supporting and driving this change.

    It is envisioned that companies in all sectors of manufacturing will be able to package their resources and know-hows in the Cloud, making them conveniently available for others through pay-as-you-go, which is also timely and economically attractive. Resources, e.g. manufacturing software tools, applications, knowledge and fabrication capabilities and equipment, will then be made accessible to presumptive consumers on a worldwide basis.

    Cloud Manufacturing has been in focus for a great deal of research interest and suggested applications during recent years, by both industrial and academic communities. After surveying a vast array of available publications, this paper presents an up-to-date literature review together with identified outstanding research issues, and future trends and directions within Cloud Manufacturing.

  • 8.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Falmouth University, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
    Feature-Based Adaptive Manufacturing Equipment Control for Cloud Environments2016Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 11th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference, 2016, vol 2, American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) , 2016, artikel-id UNSP V002T04A019Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The ideas of on-demand, scalable and pay-for-usage resource-sharing in Cloud Manufacturing are steadily attracting more interest. For implementing the concept of Manufacturing as-a-Service in a cloud environment, description models and implementation language for resources and their capabilities are required. A standardized approach for systemived virtualization, servisilisation, retrieval, selection and composition into higher levels of functionality is necessary. For the collaborative sharing and use of networked manufacturing resources there is also a need for a control approach for distributed manufacturing equipment. In this paper, the technological perspective for an adaptive cloud service-based control approach is described, and a supporting information model for its implementation. The control is realized through the use of a network of intelligent and distributable Function Block decision modules, enabling run-time manufacturing activities to be performed according to actual manufacturing conditions. The control system's integration to the cloud service management functionality is described, as well as a feature-level capability model and the use of ontologies and the Semantic Web.

  • 9.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Production Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm, Sweden.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Academy for Innovation & Research, Falmouth University, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
    Function Block Approach for Adaptive Robotic Control in Virtual and Real Environments2014Ingår i: Proceedings of the 14th Mechatronics Forum International Conference, Mechatronics 2014 / [ed] Leo J. De Vin; Jorge Solis, Karlstad: Karlstads universitet, 2014, s. 473-479Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Many manufacturing companies are facing an increasing amount of changes and uncertainty, caused by both internal and external factors. Frequently changing customer and market demands lead to variations in manufacturing quantities, product design and shorter product life-cycles, and variations in manufacturing capability and functionality contribute to a high level of uncertainty. The result is unpredictable manufacturing system performance, with an increased number of unforeseen events occurring in these systems. Such events are difficult for traditional planning and control systems to satisfactorily manage. For scenarios like these, with a dynamically changing manufacturing environment, adaptive decision making is crucial for successfully performing manufacturing operations. Relying on real-time information of manufacturing processes and operations, and their enabling resources, adaptive decision making can be realized with a control approach combining IEC 61499 event-driven Function Blocks (FBs) with manufacturing features. These FBs are small decision-making modules with embedded algorithms designed to generate the desired equipment control code. When dynamically triggered by event inputs, parameter values in their data inputs are forwarded to the appropriate algorithms, which generate new events and data output as control instructions. The data inputs also include monitored real-time information which allows the dynamic creation of equipment control code adapted to the actual run-time conditions on the shop-floor. Manufacturing features build on the concept that a manufacturing task can be broken down into a sequence of minor basic operations, in this research assembly features (AFs). These features define atomic assembly operations, and by combining and implementing these in the event-driven FB embedded algorithms, automatic code generation is possible. A test case with a virtual robot assembly cell is presented, demonstrating the functionality of the proposed control approach.

  • 10.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Department of Production Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Moore, Philip
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Feature-based control and information framework for adaptive and distributed manufacturing in cyber physical systems2017Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems, ISSN 0278-6125, E-ISSN 1878-6642, Vol. 43, s. 305-315Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Modern distributed manufacturing within Industry 4.0, supported by Cyber Physical Systems (CPSs), offers many promising capabilities regarding effective and flexible manufacturing, but there remain many challenges which may hinder its exploitation fully. One major issue is how to automatically control manufacturing equipment, e.g. industrial robots and CNC-machines, in an adaptive and effective manner. For collaborative sharing and use of distributed and networked manufacturing resources, a coherent, standardised approach for systemised planning and control at different manufacturing system levels and locations is a paramount prerequisite.

    In this paper, the concept of feature-based manufacturing for adaptive equipment control and resource-task matching in distributed and collaborative CPS manufacturing environments is presented. The concept has a product perspective and builds on the combination of product manufacturing features and event-driven Function Blocks (FB) of the IEC 61499 standard. Distributed control is realised through the use of networked and smart FB decision modules, enabling the performance of collaborative run-time manufacturing activities according to actual manufacturing conditions. A feature-based information framework supporting the matching of manufacturing resources and tasks, as well as the feature-FB control concept, and a demonstration with a cyber-physical robot application, are presented.

  • 11.
    Adamson, Göran
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Department of Production Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Moore, Philip
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Feature-based Function Block Control Framework for Manufacturing Equipment in Cloud Environments2018Ingår i: International Journal of Production Research, ISSN 0020-7543, E-ISSN 1366-588X, Vol. 57, nr 12, s. 3954-3974Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The ability to adaptively control manufacturing equipment in cloud environments is becoming increasingly more important. Industry 4.0, supported by Cyber Physical Systems and the concept of on-demand, scalable and pay-for-usage resource-sharing in cloud environments offers many promises regarding effective and flexible manufacturing. For implementing the concept of manufacturing services in a cloud environment, a cloud control approach for the sharing and control of networked manufacturing resources is required. This paper presents a cloud service-based control approach which has a product perspective and builds on the combination of event-driven IEC 61499 Function Blocks and product manufacturing features. Distributed control is realised through the use of a networked control structure of such Function Blocks as decision modules, enabling an adaptive run-time behaviour. The control approach has been developed and implemented as prototype systems for both local and distributed manufacturing scenarios, in both real and virtual applications. An application scenario is presented to demonstrate the applicability of the control approach. In this scenario, Assembly Feature-Function Blocks for adaptive control of robotic assembly tasks have been used.

    Ladda ner fulltext (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 12.
    Aslam, Tehseen
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Hedenstierna, Philip
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Ng, Amos H. C.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Multi-objective Optimisation in Manufacturing Supply Chain Systems Design: A Comprehensive Survey and New Directions2011Ingår i: Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing / [ed] Lihui Wang, Amos H. C. Ng, Kalyanmoy Deb, Springer London, 2011, s. 35-70Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Research regarding supply chain optimisation has been performed for a long time. However, it is only in the last decade that the research community has started to investigate multi-objective optimisation for supply chains. Supply chains are in general complex networks composed of autonomous entities whereby multiple performance measures in different levels, which in most cases are in conflict with each other, have to be taken into account. In this chapter, we present a comprehensive literature review of existing multi-objective optimisation applications, both analytical-based and simulation-based, in supply chain management publications. Later on in the chapter, we identify the needs of an integration of multi-objective optimisation and system dynamics models, and present a case study on how such kind of integration can be applied for the investigation of bullwhip effects in a supply chain.

  • 13.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Department of Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne, Fort Wayne, IN, United States.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    A Study on Optimal Machine Setups Using an Energy Modeling Approach2012Ingår i: 40th North American Manufacturing Research Conference 2012: Proceedings of NAMRI/SME, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, North American Manufacturing Research Institution of SME , 2012, s. 571-579Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, energy models are developed based on the kinematic and dynamic behaviors of chosen machine tools. One significant benefit of the developed energy models is their inherited relationship to the design variables involved in the manufacturing processes. Therefore, they can be readily applied to optimize process parameters to reduce energy consumption. A new parallel kinematic machine Exechon is used as a case study to demonstrate the procedures of energy model development with direct relation to appropriate process parameters. The derived energy model is then used for simulation of drilling operations on aircraft components to demonstrate its feasibility. Simulation results indicate that the developed energy model has led to an optimized machine setup which only consumes less than one-third of the energy of an average machine setup over the workspace. This approach can be extended and applied to other machines to establish their energy models for green manufacturing.

  • 14.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Department of Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne, 2101 E. Coliseum Blvd., Fort Wayne, IN 46805, United States.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Advances in 3D data acquisition and processing for industrial applications2010Ingår i: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, ISSN 0736-5845, E-ISSN 1879-2537, Vol. 26, nr 5, s. 403-413Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    A critical task of vision-based manufacturing applications is to generate a virtual representation of a physical object from a dataset of point clouds. Its success relies on reliable algorithms and tools. Many effective technologies have been developed to solve various problems involved in data acquisition and processing. Some articles are available on evaluating and reviewing these technologies and underlying methodologies. However, for most practitioners who lack a strong background on mathematics and computer science, it is hard to understand theoretical fundamentals of the methodologies. In this paper, we intend to survey and evaluate recent advances in data acquisition and progressing,and provide an overview from a manufacturing perspective. Some potential manufacturing applications have been introduced, the technical gaps between the practical requirements and existing technologies discussed, and research opportunities identified.

  • 15.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Queen's University Belfast, UK.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Design of a Cobot with Three Omni-Wheels2009Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing / [ed] Farhad Nabhani, Catherine Frost, Sara Zarei, Munir Ahmad, William. G. Sullivan, Gemini International Ltd , 2009, s. 360-367Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Collaborative robots (Cobots) have been proposed to guide and assist human operators to move heavy objects in a given trajectory. Most of the existing cobots us steering wheels; typical drawbacks of using steering wheels include (i) the difficulty to follow a trajectory with a curvature larger than that of the base platform, (ii) the difficulty to mount encoders on steering wheels due to self-spinning of the wheels, and (iii) the difficulty to quarantine dynamic control performance since it is purely kinematic control. In this paper, a new cobot with the omni-wheels has been proposed, and its design model has been developed, and a simulation has been conducted to validate this control performance.

  • 16.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Energy Modeling of Machine Tools for Optimization of Machine Setups2012Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, ISSN 1545-5955, E-ISSN 1558-3783, Vol. 9, nr 3, s. 607-613Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, a new energy model is developed based on the kinematic and dynamic behaviors of a chosen machine tool. One significant benefit of the developed energy model is their inherited relationship to the design variables involved in the manufacturing processes. Without radical changes of the machine tool’s structure, the proposed model can be readily applied to optimize process parameters to reduce energy consumption. A new parallel kinematic machine Exechon is used as a case study to demonstrate the modeling procedure. The derived energy model is then used for simulation of drilling operations on aircraft components to verify its feasibility. Simulation results indicate that the developed energy model has led to an optimized machine setup which only consumes less than one-third of the energy of an average machine setup over the workspace. This approach can be extended and applied to other machines to establish their energy models for green and sustainable manufacturing.

  • 17.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Feasibility Study on a Collaborative Robot with Omni-wheels2010Ingår i: Proceedings of the 12th Mechatronics Forum Biennial International Conference / [ed] Thomas Kennel, Zürich: IWF Institute of Machine Tools and Manufacturing , 2010, s. 114-120Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Robotics has brought radical changes to maximise the productivity of modern manufacturing. However, a full  automation  is  not  always  advantageous;  sometimes  robots  and  human  being  must  work  together  in  a shared  environment  to  meet  specific  requirements.  A  robot  used  in  a  collaborative  environment  is  a collaborative robot. In this paper, a collaborative robot to assist human being’s locomotion is considered: omni-wheels  are  used  to  increase  the  flexibility  and  mobility  of  the  robot  and  they  are  controlled dynamically  to  confine  the  robot  in  a  prescribed  trajectory.  The  new  control  algorithms  are  developed  to meet the following challenges (a) unpredictable driving force from a human operator; (b) the rotation of an omni-wheel along two axes but with one independent motion; and (c) the strongly-coupled kinematics and dynamics of the mobile robot.

  • 18.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne, USA.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Optimal design of reconfigurable parallel machining systems2009Ingår i: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, ISSN 0736-5845, E-ISSN 1879-2537, Vol. 25, nr 6, s. 951-961Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    A reconfigurable machining system is usually a modularized system, and its configuration design concerns the selections of modules and the determination of geometric dimensions in some specific modules. All of its design perspectives from kinematics, dynamics, and control have to be taken into considerations simultaneously, and a multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) tool is required to support the configuration design process. This paper presents a new MDO tool for reconfigurable machining systems, and it includes the following works: (i) the literatures on the computer-aided design of reconfigurable parallel machining systems have been reviewed with a conclusion that the multidisciplinary design optimization is essential, but no comprehensive design tool is available to reconfigurable parallel machining systems; (ii) a class of reconfigurable systems called reconfigurable tripod-based machining system has been introduced, its reconfiguration problem is identified, and the corresponding design criteria have been discussed; (iii) design analysis in all of the disciplines including kinematics, dynamics, and control have been taken into considerations, and design models have been developed to evaluate various design candidates; in particular, the innovative solutions to direct kinematics, stiffness analysis for the design configurations of tripod-based machines with a passive leg, and concise dynamic modelling have been provided; and (iv) A design optimization approach is proposed to determine the best solution from all possible configurations. Based on the works presented in this paper, a computer-aided design and control tool have been implemented to support the system reconfiguration design and control processes. Some issues relevant to the practical implementation have also been discussed.

  • 19.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Department of Engineering, Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne, IN, USA.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Optimization of machining processes from the perspective of energy consumption: A case study2012Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems, ISSN 0278-6125, E-ISSN 1878-6642, Vol. 31, nr 4, s. 420-428Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    One of the primary objectives of sustainable manufacturing is to minimize energy consumption in its manufacturing processes. A strategy of energy saving is to adapt new materials or new processes; but its implementation requires radical changes of the manufacturing system and usually a heavy initial investment. The other strategy is to optimize existing manufacturing processes from the perspective of energy saving. However, an explicit relational model between machining parameters and energy cost is required; while most of the works in this field treat the manufacturing processes as black or gray boxes. In this paper, analytical energy modeling for the explicit relations of machining parameters and energy consumption is investigated, and the modeling method is based on the kinematic and dynamic behaviors of chosen machine tools. The developed model is applied to optimize the  machine setup for energy saving. A new parallel kinematic machine Exechon is used to demonstrate the procedure of energy modeling. The simulation results indicate that the optimization can result in 67% energy saving for the specific drilling operation of the given machine tool. This approach can be extended and applied to other machines to establish their energy models for sustainable manufacturing.

  • 20.
    Bi, Z. M.
    et al.
    Indiana University - Purdue University of Fort Wayne, USA.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Visualisation and Verification of Communication Protocols for Networked Distributed Systems2010Ingår i: Enterprise Networks and Logistics for Agile Manufacturing / [ed] Lihui Wang, S. C. Lenny Koh, London: Springer, 2010, s. 333-357Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    The successful design and application of a large and complex manufacturing system relies not only  on  the  maturity  of  its  fundamental  design,  but  also  on  the  technologies  for  seamless integration  and  coordination  of  system  components,  since  a  large  manufacturing  or  logistic system  often  adopts  a  decentralised  control  architecture  to  manage  its  complexity.  System components  are  usually  distributed;  their  behaviours  are  enacted  locally  and  autonomously. The control objective at the system-level is achieved by the executions of the sub-objectives at the component level, subjected to the condition that the controls of the sub-systems have to be coordinated via effective communication. In developing algorithms for communication and coordination  of  a  networked  distributed  system,  algorithm  verification  is  complicated  and trivial,  due  to  the  invisible  information  system.  In  this  chapter,  we  propose  to  use  the conventional   simulation   tool,   Deneb/QUEST,   for   modelling   and   visualisation   of   the coordinating  behaviours.  Its  vivid  graphical  environment  can  be  a  great  assistance  in accelerating  software  debugging  and  verification  and  in  reducing  the  time  for  software development. General architecture of a networked distribute system is introduced, the system components  are  analysed,  and  the  correspondences  between  these  components  and  QUEST elements  are  established.  A  case  study  for  the  verification  of  ring  extrema  determination (RED) algorithm is used as an example to illustrate the general procedure and the feasibility of the proposed approach.

  • 21.
    Bi, Z.M.
    et al.
    Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Dynamic control model of a cobot with three omni-wheels2010Ingår i: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, ISSN 0736-5845, E-ISSN 1879-2537, Vol. 26, nr 6, s. 558-563Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, a new collaborative robot with omni-wheels has been proposed and its dynamic control has been developed and validated. Collaborative robots (Cobots) have been introduced to guide and assist human operators to move heavy objects in a given trajectory. Most of the existing cobots use steering wheels; typical drawbacks of using steering wheels include the difficulties to (i) follow a trajectory with a curvature larger than that of the base platform, (ii) mount encoders on steering wheels due to self-spinning of the wheels, and (iii) quarantine dynamic control performance since it is purely kinematic  control.  The  new  collaborative  robot  is  proposed  to  overcome  the  above-mentioned shortcomings. The methodologies for its dynamic control are focused and the simulation has been conducted to validate the control performance of the system.

  • 22.
    Danielsson, Oscar
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Syberfeldt, Anna
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Brewster, Rodney
    Volvo Car Corporation, Skövde, Sweden.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, Stockholm.
    Assessing Instructions in Augmented Reality for Human-Robot Collaborative Assembly by Using Demonstrators2017Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, E-ISSN 2212-8271, Vol. 63, s. 89-94Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Robots are becoming more adaptive and aware of their surroundings. This has opened up the research area of tight human-robot collaboration,where humans and robots work directly interconnected rather than in separate cells. The manufacturing industry is in constant need ofdeveloping new products. This means that operators are in constant need of learning new ways of manufacturing. If instructions to operatorsand interaction between operators and robots can be virtualized this has the potential of being more modifiable and available to the operators.Augmented Reality has previously shown to be effective in giving operators instructions in assembly, but there are still knowledge gapsregarding evaluation and general design guidelines. This paper has two aims. Firstly it aims to assess if demonstrators can be used to simulatehuman-robot collaboration. Secondly it aims to assess if Augmented Reality-based interfaces can be used to guide test-persons through apreviously unknown assembly procedure. The long-term goal of the demonstrator is to function as a test-module for how to efficiently instructoperators collaborating with a robot. Pilot-tests have shown that Augmented Reality instructions can give enough information for untrainedworkers to perform simple assembly-tasks where parts of the steps are done with direct collaboration with a robot. Misunderstandings of theinstructions from the test-persons led to multiple errors during assembly so future research is needed in how to efficiently design instructions.

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  • 23.
    Danielsson, Oscar
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Syberfeldt, Anna
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institue of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Operators perspective on augmented reality as a support tool in engine assembly2018Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, E-ISSN 2212-8271, Vol. 72, s. 45-50Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Augmented Reality (AR) has shown its potential in supporting operators in manufacturing. AR-glasses as a platform both in industrial use are emerging markets, thereby making portable and hands-free AR more and more feasible. An important aspect of integrating AR as a support tool for operators is their acceptance of the technology. This paper presents the results of interviewing operators regarding their view on AR technology in their field and observing them working in automotive engine assembly and how they interact with current instructions. The observations and follow-up questions identified three main aspects of the information that the operators looked at: validating screw torque, their current assembly time, and if something went wrong. The interviews showed that a large amount of the operators were positive towards using AR in assembly. This has given an insight in both the current information interaction the operators do and their view on the potential in using AR. Based on these insights we suggest a mock-up design of an AR-interface for engine assembly to serve as a base for future prototype designs.

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  • 24.
    Endrias, Dawit H.
    et al.
    TS Tech Canada Inc..
    Feng, Hsi-Yung
    The University of British Columbia.
    Ma, Ji
    The University of British Columbia.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Taher, M. Abu
    The University of Western Ontario.
    A combinatorial optimization approach for evaluating minimum-zone spatial straightness errors2012Ingår i: Measurement, ISSN 0263-2241, E-ISSN 1873-412X, Vol. 45, nr 5, s. 1170-1179Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a new and robust approach for the accurate evaluation of minimumzone spatial straightness error from a set of coordinate measurement data points. The algorithm iteratively searches for the specific data points that define the minimum bound of the spatial straightness zone using combinatorial optimization. It is based on the fact that the minimum circumscribed cylinder of a point set, which is equivalent to the minimum spatial straightness zone of the measurement data, will pass through three, four, or five of the data points that constitute the convex hull vertices of the entire data set. Computed results have shown that although the presented approach may lead to increased computational time, it is robust and able to construct the exact minimum circumscribed cylinder for a given point set. The minimum-zone spatial straightness error can thus be evaluated with the best possible accuracy. The advantage of the presented algorithm is demonstrated via comparison with published computed results of existing algorithms.

  • 25.
    Givehchi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Web-based Real-time Monitoring and Control of a Robot2011Ingår i: / [ed] Jan-Eric Ståhl, 2011Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In order to enhance production in today’s uncertain manufacturing environments, real-time monitoring and dynamic control capabilities that are responsive and adaptive to rapid changes of production capability and functionality are vital. Targeting the dynamic issue, this paper presents a virtual production aid, a Wise-ShopFloor(Web-based integrated sensor-driven e-ShopFloor) prototype that can integrate Web-based sensor-driven virtual models with a real shop floor.

    The Wise-ShopFloor utilizes Java technologies (e.g., Java 3D and Java Servlet) for system implementation which allows the users to monitor and control distant shop floor operations based on runtime information from the shop floor. Particularly, remote monitoring and control of an industrial robot is chosen as a case study to demonstrate the approach towards web-based adaptive manufacturing. It is envisioned that this approach not only can bridge the gap between virtual and real manufacturing but also can largely enhance manufacturing performance and profitability via remote instant assistance

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  • 26.
    Givehchi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Ng, Amos H. C.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Spot-welding sequence planning and optimization using a hybrid rule-based approach and genetic algorithm2011Ingår i: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, ISSN 0736-5845, E-ISSN 1879-2537, Vol. 27, nr 4, s. 714-722Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Performing assembly planning to find a valid hierarchical assembling structure of a product (i.e. Manufacturing Bill of Materials or MBOM) based on the constraints and necessities inferred from or declared by different sources is potentially complicated. On the other hand, Engineering Changes (EC) may drastically affect the constraints and necessities which the planning of an MBOM was based on. Managing ECs to evaluate and propagate their effects on the upstream data used in assembly planning and downstream activities and information is crucial but problematic. Often it is possible to define a set of rules for the constraints and necessities of assembly planning and find solutions or check validity of solutions based on the rule-set. This paper proposes a rule-based assembly planning method and introduces the concepts and standard notations on how structured rule-sets can be derived from descriptive rules and then used in an algorithm for generating or validating MBOMs. The method was partially automated and successfully employed along with a commercial Virtual Manufacturing package integrated with an in-house developed GA-based sequence optimizer and applied to the sequence optimization in minimizing the cycle time of the robotic spot welding operations for a sheet-metal assembly found in automotive industry. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 27.
    Givehchi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Ng, Amos
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    An Evolutionary Operation Sequence Optimization Tool for Robotic Spot Welding Based on Collision-Free Path Planner in Virtual Manufacturing2011Ingår i: Proceedings of NAMRI/SME, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, North American Manufacturing Research Institution, NAMRI/SME , 2011, s. 88-98Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Many problems in the lifecycle of Product and Production Development (PPD) can be formulated as optimization problems. But in most of the real-world cases, they are too complex to be solved by analytical models or classical optimization methods. CAx and Virtual Manufacturing (VM) tools are on the other hand being employed to create virtual representation of products and processes before any physical realization is conducted. Synergy of these two domains is of interest in this paper where planning a process with the minimum cycle-time for assembling a spot welded sheet-metal product is desired. The methodology suggests an extendible virtual manufacturing-based optimization approach using evolutionary algorithms. Accordingly, a novel toolset with integration of evolutionary optimization and a commercial VM environment is developed. More specifically, the latest feature which takes advantage of the collision avoidant segment path planning functionality of the VM tool and integrates it with the sequence optimizer is described.

  • 28.
    Givehchi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Ng, Amos
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    An Integrated Approach to Spot Welding Sequence Planning and Optimization2010Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference: Volume 2, New York: ASME Press, 2010, s. 543-551Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Almost   in   every   discipline   involved   in   Product   and Production Development (PPD), optimization problems arrive. These  real-world  problems  are  too  complex  to  be  solved  by analytical models and classical optimization methods. CAx and Virtual Manufacturing (VM) tools are on the other hand being employed   more  and   more  to   create   virtual  representation models  of  the  products  under  development  and  their  related production   facilities,   processes,   and   systems   in   a   virtual environment  before  any  physical  realization  is  conducted. Synergy of these two domains is of interest in this paper where a PPD problem requiring planning a process with the minimum cycle-time  for  assembling  a  spot  welded  sheet-metal  product was  solved.  The  methodology  suggests  an  extendible  virtual manufacturing-based optimization approach using evolutionary algorithms.  The  methodology  is  also  required  to  be  partially compliant   to   the   concept   of   integrated   Product-Process-Resource  planning  and  optimization.  An  optimization  tool  is developed  accordingly  for  operation  sequence  optimization integrated with a commercial VM environment.

  • 29.
    Givehchi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Ng, Amos
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Evolutionary optimization of robotic assembly operation sequencing with collision-free paths2011Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems, ISSN 0278-6125, E-ISSN 1878-6642, Vol. 30, nr 4, s. 196-203Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Many problems in the lifecycle of product and production development (PPD) can be formulated as optimization problems. But in most of the real-world cases, they are too complex to be solved by analytical models or classical optimization methods. CAx and virtual manufacturing (VM) tools are on the other hand being employed to create virtual representation of products and processes before any physical realization is conducted. Synergy of these two domains is of interest in this paper where planning a process with the minimum cycle-time for assembling a spot welded sheet-metal product is desired. The methodology suggests an extendible virtual manufacturing-based optimization approach using evolutionary algorithms. Accordingly, a novel toolset with integration of evolutionary optimization and a commercial VM environment is developed. More specifically, the latest feature which takes advantage of the collision avoidant segment path planning functionality of the VM tool and integrates it with the sequence optimizer is described. (C) 2011 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 30.
    Givehchi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Schmidt, Bernard
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Department of Production Engineering Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Knowledge-based Operation Planning and Machine Control by Function Blocks in Web-DPP2013Ingår i: Advances in Sustainable and Competitive Manufacturing Systems: 23rd International Conference on Flexible Automation & Intelligent Manufacturing / [ed] Américo Azevedo, Springer, 2013, Vol. 1, s. 665-679Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Today, the dynamic market requires manufacturing firms to possess high degree of adaptability and flexibility to deal with shop-floor uncertainties. Specifically, targeting SMEs active in the machining and metal cutting sector who normally deal with complex and intensive process planning problems, researchers have tried to address the subject. Among proposed solutions, Web-DPP elaborates a two-layer distributed adaptive process planning system based on function-block technology. Function-block enabled machine controllers are one of the elements of this system. In addition, intensive reasoning based on the features data of the products models, machining knowledge, and resource data is needed to be performed inside the function blocks in machine controller side. This paper reports the current state of design and implementation of a knowledge-based operation planning module using a rule-engine embedded in machining feature function blocks, and also the design and implementation of a common interface (for CNC milling machine controller and its specific implementation for a specific commercial controller) embedded in the machining feature function blocks for controlling the machine. The developed prototype is validated through a case-study.

  • 31.
    Givehchi Yazdi, Mohammad
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Ng, Amos H. C.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Operation Sequence Optimization using an extended Virtual Manufacturing tool2011Ingår i: Proceedings of the 4th Swedish Production Symposium, Lund, 2011, s. 383-390Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
  • 32.
    Gustavsson, Patrik
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Holm, Magnus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Syberfeldt, Anna
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm.
    Human-robot collaboration – towards new metrics for selection of communication technologies2018Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, E-ISSN 2212-8271, Vol. 72, s. 6s. 123-128Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Industrial robot manufacturers have in recent years developed collaborative robots and these gains more and more interest within the manufacturing industry. Collaborative robots ensure that humans and robots can work together without the robot being dangerous for the human. However, collaborative robots themselves are not enough to achieve collaboration between a human and a robot; collaboration is only possible if a proper communication between the human and the robot can be achieved. The aim of this paper is to identify and categorize technologies that can be used to enable such communication between a human and an industrial robot.

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  • 33.
    Gustavsson, Patrik
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Syberfeldt, Anna
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Brewster, Rodney
    Volvo Car Corporation, Skövde, Sweden.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Human-Robot Collaboration Demonstrator Combining Speech Recognition and Haptic Control2017Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, E-ISSN 2212-8271, Vol. 63, s. 396-401Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In recent years human-robot collaboration has been an important topic in manufacturing industries. By introducing robots into the same working cell as humans, the advantages of both humans and robots can be utilized. A robot can handle heavy lifting, repetitive and high accuracy tasks while a human can handle tasks that require the flexibility of humans. If a worker is to collaborate with a robot it is important to have an intuitive way of communicating with the robot. Currently, the way of interacting with a robot is through a teaching pendant, where the robot is controlled using buttons or a joystick. However, speech and touch are two communication methods natural to humans, where speech recognition and haptic control technologies can be used to interpret these communication methods. These technologies have been heavily researched in several research areas, including human-robot interaction. However, research of combining these two technologies to achieve a more natural communication in industrial human-robot collaboration is limited. A demonstrator has thus been developed which includes both speech recognition and haptic control technologies to control a collaborative robot from Universal Robots. This demonstrator will function as an experimental platform to further research on how the speech recognition and haptic control can be used in human-robot collaboration. The demonstrator has proven that the two technologies can be integrated with a collaborative industrial robot, where the human and the robot collaborate to assemble a simple car model. The demonstrator has been used in public appearances and a pilot study, which have contributed in further improvements of the demonstrator. Further research will focus on making the communication more intuitive for the human and the demonstrator will be used as the platform for continued research.

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  • 34.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Academy of Innovation & Research, Falmouth University, Cornwall, United kingdom.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Why I want to be a future Swedish shop-floor operator2016Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, E-ISSN 2212-8271, Vol. 41, s. 1101-1106Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    When looking in rear view mirrors the Swedish as well as the international production industries can overview several years of progress covering all aspects of production. Production methodologies and machines etc. have changed and evolved, and so has the environment of the shop-floor operator. The demands on the shop-floor operators have grown from simple monotonic tasks with low complexity to pro-active team work requiring flexibility, continuous improvements and a holistic approach. With a base in a study where production and HR-managers at six Swedish manufacturing industries have been interviewed this paper identifies the role of today’s and the future Swedish shop-floor operator. The response to the described role of the future operator is compiled from the ones who will become the future Swedish shop-floor operators – today’s teenagers attending technical high-school. Their views of the environment of the future shop-floor operator are described by accuracy, development, a good working environment and team work. The paper also reveals what the offer should include to make these teenagers say: I want to be a future Swedish shop-floor operator.

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  • 35.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Enhancing Adaptive Production Using IEC 61499 Event-Driven Function Blocks2013Ingår i: Proceedings of the North American Manufacturing Research Institution of SME, vol. 41, 10-14 June, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Society of Manufacturing Engineers, North American Manufacturing Research Institute of SME , 2013, s. 420-429Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Reduction of production costs and the ability to continuously improve is a must for every manufacturer. High availability in a dynamic and complex production environment demands adaptability to recurring changes. Each device within the production systems holds more and more intelligence and computing power which supports an approach implementing the standard of IEC 61499 to enhance adaptive production by enabling a distributed automation system with improved productivity. Research approaching IEC 61499 is investigated and reported in this paper, covering both control of manufacturing equipment and adaptive process planning. The objective is to develop methodologies for process planning as well as machine control and monitoring for machining and assembly operations in a dynamic, adaptive and distributed environment using event-driven function blocks.

  • 36.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    IEC 61499 - Enabling Control of Distributed Systems Beyond IEC 61131-32012Ingår i: Proceedings of the SPS12 conference 2012, Swedish Production Academy , 2012, s. 37-44Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Any global manufacturer needs to reduce production costs by continuously improving the efficiency of itsproduction systems. To keep a high availability inthe production systems with increasing complexity, operability and configurability are important variables for the control systems. Each device in the control loop holds more and more intelligence and computing power which can be used for a distributed automation system with improved efficiency and redundancy.

    Today’s device controllers, Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), in the production systems use the well-know and well-spread programming standard IEC 61131-3. However, this standard is not suitable for a distributed system since its definition is a system with centralized control (an “ordinary” PLC). To meet the requirements of tomorrow’s control systems, the programming standard IEC 61499 was officially introduced in 2005. The IEC 61499 standard is designed to respond to the requirements of interoperability, reconfigurability and portability which are missing in the IEC 61131-3 standard.The foundation of the IEC 61499 standard is a distributed control system using event-driven function blocks where little effort is needed to program inter-device communication and message exchange.

    In this paper, the two programming standards IEC 61131-3 and IEC 61499 arecompared. Benefits of IEC 61499 arehighlightedand examples of IEC 61499-based control areprovided for betterunderstanding

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  • 37.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Moore, Philip
    University College Falmouth, United Kingdom.
    An IEC 61499 Function Block based Approach for CNC Machining Operations2012Ingår i: The 13th Mechatronics Forum International Conference Proceedings: Vol. 1/3 / [ed] Rudolf Scheidl & Bernhard Jakoby, Linz: TRAUNER Verlag, 2012, s. 115-121Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In order to create an adaptive and interoperable CNC control system to explore the full functionality of CNC machine tools and to surpass the shortcomings and restrictions of the current CNC control standard using G-codes, an IEC 61499 function block based control system model has been developed. Basic machining operations are identified and classified as machining features, which are wrapped into Machining Feature Function Blocks (MF-FBs) with algorithms. For the machining of a part, the required MF-FBs are selected and combined into a Composite Function Block, comprising the correct control instructions for machining the part.

    The event-driven nature of these function blocks enables the run-time selection of appropriate algorithms and control of their correct behavior and dynamic execution, supporting the system’s ability to act in response to actual conditions and manufacturing requirements. Being truly adaptive makes it possible that different available machine tools be selected to machine a part with the appropriate control code generated at runtime. This eliminates the tedious CNC programming effort, and therefore no predefined, machine-specific control code has to be generated in advance. The use of generic function blocks for encapsulation of machining know-how in algorithms makes machines and CNC systems independent and therefore portable, reusable and interoperable.

  • 38.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Moore, Philip
    Academy of Innovation & Research, Falmouth University, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
    Framework for an adaptive decision support system for industrial shop-floor operators2014Ingår i: 12th International Industrial Simulation Conference 2014, ISC'2014: June 11-13, 2014, Skövde, Sweden / [ed] Anna Syberfeldt; Amos Ng, Eurosis , 2014, s. 75-80Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Today’s shop-floor operators’ working tasks often stretches over a broad spectra of jobs; from ordinary production assignments to handling errors and performing maintenance. Demands for enhanced skills and knowledge are constantly raised to limit the consequences of tool breakage, machine down time and other stochastic events negatively affecting the production.

    To be able to meet these increasing demands a framework for a distributed and adaptive decision support system is proposed. It will help the shop-floor operator to distinguish between decision options and minimize time to consider appropriate actions to maximize productivity both during normal production and when facing unexpected or unscheduled events.

    In what ways is it possible to support operators in making decisions for optimal productivity?” was the opening question from the industry partner when beginning this research. Targeting this question a novel framework for an adaptive decision support system (DSS) enabled by event-driven function blocks, based on decision logics is proposed. Its ability to adapt to the actual conditions on the shop-floor is compared to a currently used voice message system in a test case.

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  • 39.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Moore, Philip
    Academy of Innovation & Research, Falmouth University, United Kingdom.
    The Future Swedish Shop-Floor Operator – Interviews with Production Managers2014Ingår i: Proceedings of the sixth Swedish Production Symposium, 2014, 2014Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper is based on a study in which production and HR managers at six Swedish manufacturing industries have been interviewed about the role of the shop-floor operator, taking off in today’s situation in trying to identify the future one. As well as the production methods and the machines etc. in the production system continuously evolve, so does the environment of the shop-floor operator. Increasing complexity in the production systems raises demands on the operators’ ability to handle ICT-tools to gain decision support and knowledge needed in the future shop-floor environment. 

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  • 40.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Cordero Garcia, Aimar
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adamson, Göran
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Adaptive decision support for shop-floor operators in automotive industry2014Ingår i: Procedia CIRP, E-ISSN 2212-8271, Vol. 17, s. 440-445Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Today's operators on factory shop-floors are often not stationed, dealing with a single or few tasks but have increasing responsibilities demanding enhanced skills and knowledge in a production environment where any disturbance must be settled with adequate actions without delay to keep optimum output. To be able to respond to these demands, the operators need dynamic, distributed and adaptive decision support in real-Time, helping them to distinguish decision options and maximizing productivity despite incoming stochastic events. The minimum of time and option for operators to consider appropriate action both during normal production and when facing unexpected or unscheduled events point out the need of adaptive decision support for operators. When initiating this research project the question from the industry partner was the following: In what ways is it possible to support operators in making decisions for optimal productivity? By targeting this problem this paper introduces a novel framework for an adaptive decision-support system enabled by event-driven function blocks and based on decision logics. The proposed decision support systems' ability to adapt to the actual conditions on the shop-floor is validated through a case study, and its capability is compared to the voice message system installed on-site.

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  • 41.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Danielsson, Oscar
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Syberfeldt, Anna
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Wang, Lihui
    Sustainable Manufacturing, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, Stockholm.
    Adaptive instructions to novice shop-floor operators using Augmented Reality2017Ingår i: Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering, ISSN 2168-1015, Vol. 34, nr 5, s. 362-374Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper presents a novel system using Augmented Reality and Expert Systems to enhance the quality and efficiency of shop-floor operators. The novel system proposed provides an adaptive tool that facilitates and enhances support on the shop-floor, due to its ability to dynamically customize the instructions displayed, dependent upon the competence of the user. A comparative study has been made between an existing method of quality control instructions at a machining line in an automotive engine plant and this novel system. It has been shown that the new approach outcompetes the existing system, not only in terms of perceived usability but also with respect to two other important shop-floor variables: quality and productivity. Along with previous research, the outcomes of these test cases indicate the value of using Augmented Reality technology to enhance shop-floor operators’ ability to learn and master new tasks.

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  • 42.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Frantzén, Marcus
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Aslam, Tehseen
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Moore, Philip
    Falmouth University, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för ingenjörsvetenskap. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    A methodology facilitating knowledge transfer to both research experienced companies and to novice SMEs2017Ingår i: International Journal of Enterprise Network Management, ISSN 1748-1252, Vol. 8, nr 2, s. 123-140, artikel-id IJENM0080202Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, knowledge transfer is defined as a process of disseminating both technological and theoretical understanding as well as enhancing both industrial and academic knowledge through conducted research to project partners collaborating within a research project. To achieve this, a new methodology called 'user groups' is introduced. It facilitates knowledge transfer between project participants in collaborative research programs engaging both experienced and unexperienced partners regardless of level of input. The introduced methodology 'user groups' provides tools for collaborating with several research partners even though their levels of engagement in the project and prior research experience may vary without dividing them into separate groups. It enables all project partners to gain new knowledge and by so doing extending the knowledge society. The case study shows that the eight engaged companies are able to cooperate, achieve their own objectives and, both jointly and individually, contribute to the overall project goals.

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  • 43.
    Holm, Magnus
    et al.
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Givehchi, Mohammad
    Högskolan i Skövde.
    Mohammed, Abdullah
    Högskolan i Skövde.
    Wang, Lihui
    KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Web based monitoring and control of distant Robotic Operations2012Ingår i: Proceedings of the ASME 2012 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference MSEC2012 June 4-8, 2012, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA, ASME Press, 2012, s. 605-612Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In order to improve the production efficiency while facing today’s manufacturing uncertainty, responsive and adaptive capabilities for rapid production changes are essential. This paper presents how dynamic control and real-time monitoring (embedded in a web-based Wise-ShopFloor framework) can integrate virtual models with real shop floors. Wise-ShopFloor (Web-based integrated sensor-driven e-ShopFloor)uses Java technologies (e.g., Java Servlet and Java3D) for implementing the system. It allows the operators, both remote and on-site, to monitor and control machines, devices and operations on a shop floor, based on run-time information from the connected machines, devices and their sensors. Two case studies are presented to demonstrate the approach towards web-based adaptive manufacturing. The first demonstrating how OPC-technology is used to improve the monitoring and control capabilities of the production and the second one focusing  on remote control of a robot eliminating the need of motion planning and tedious robot programming.

  • 44.
    Jin, G. Q.
    et al.
    Coventry Univ, Fac Engn & Comp, Coventry, W Midlands, England.
    Li, W. D.
    Coventry Univ, Fac Engn & Comp, Coventry, W Midlands, England.
    Tsai, C. F.
    Aletheia Univ, Dept Ind Management & Enterprise Informat, New Taipei City, Taiwan .
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Adaptive tool-path generation of rapid prototyping for complex product models2011Ingår i: Journal of manufacturing systems, ISSN 0278-6125, E-ISSN 1878-6642, Vol. 30, nr 3, s. 154-164Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Rapid prototyping (RP) provides an effective method for model verification and product development collaboration. A challenging research issue in RP is how to shorten the build time and improve the surface accuracy especially for complex product models. In this paper, systematic adaptive algorithms and strategies have been developed to address the challenge. A slicing algorithm has been first developed for directly slicing a Computer-Aided Design (CAD) model as a number of RP layers. Closed Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) curves have been introduced to represent the contours of the layers to maintain the surface accuracy of the CAD model. Based on it, a mixed and adaptive tool-path generation algorithm, which is aimed to optimize both the surface quality and fabrication efficiency in RP, has been then developed. The algorithm can generate contour tool-paths for the boundary of each RP sliced layer to reduce the surface errors of the model, and zigzag tool-paths for the internal area of the layer to speed up fabrication. In addition, based on developed build time analysis mathematical models, adaptive strategies have been devised to generate variable speeds for contour tool-paths to address the geometric characteristics in each layer to reduce build time, and to identify the best slope degree of zigzag tool-paths to further minimize the build time. In the end, case studies of complex product models have been used to validate and showcase the performance of the developed algorithms in terms of processing effectiveness and surface accuracy. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The Society of Manufacturing Engineers. All rights reserved.

  • 45.
    Keshavarzmanesh, Shadi
    et al.
    The University of Western Ontario.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Feng, Hsi-Yung
    The University of British Columbia.
    A hybrid approach for dynamic routing planning in an automated assembly shop2010Ingår i: Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, ISSN 0736-5845, E-ISSN 1879-2537, Vol. 26, nr 6, s. 768-777Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Highly turbulent environment of dynamic job-shop operations affects shop floor layout as well as manufacturing operations. Due to the dynamic nature of layout changes, essential requirements such as adaptability and responsiveness to the changes need to be considered in addition to the cost issues of material handling and machine relocation when reconfiguring a shop floor’s layout. Here, based on the source of uncertainty, the shop floor layout problem is split into two sub-problems and dealt with by two modules: re-layout and find-route. GA is used where changes cause the entire shop re-layout, while function blocks are utilised to find the best sequence of robots for the new conditions within the existing layout. This paper reports the latest development to the authors’ previous work.

  • 46.
    Keshavarzmanesh, Shadi
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Feng, Hsi-Yung
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
    Design and simulation of an adaptive and collaborative assembly cell2010Ingår i: International Journal of Manufacturing Research, ISSN 1750-0591, Vol. 5, nr 1, s. 102-119Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Nowadays, product-mix in small batches contributes to shop floor uncertainties, whereas distributed resources are handled collaboratively during assembly planning. There is a growing need to develop methods that can increase adaptability and flexibility in dynamic and collaborative job-shop assembly floors. Based on our previous work on an assembly planning framework using Function Blocks (FBs), a novel approach to assembly planning and control is developed, which enables adaptive decision making besides effective plan execution. Following our previous work, this paper reports the latest development of design and simulation of an FB communication network in Matlab-Simulink environment, and validates the methodology through an example.

  • 47.
    Keshavarzmanesh, Shadi
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Feng, Hsi-Yung
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
    Increasing Adaptability of Assembly Planning and Control with Embedded Decision-Making Capability2009Ingår i: Transactions of the North American Manufacturing Research Institution of SME, ISSN 1047-3025, Vol. 37, s. 533-540Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    In our previous work, a framework and a new methodology for adaptive assembly process planning using function block (FB) concept was introduced. Function blocks are adopted to deal with dynamic job shop assembly floors, where product-mix often in small batches contributes to manufacturing uncertainty, making adaptability an important item on a company's wish list. FB-enabled assembly planning and control enables not only adaptive decision making but effective plan execution. Following our previous work, this paper reports the development of simulating a function block communication network in the Matlab Simulink environment and demonstrating the implementation of the methodology through an example.

  • 48.
    Keshavarzmanesh, Shadi
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system. Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle.
    Feng, Hsi-Yung
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
    Two-Stage Hybrid Adaptive Assembly Layout Planning2010Ingår i: Transactions of the North American Manufacturing Research Institution of SME, ISSN 1047-3025, Vol. 38, s. 735-742Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The manufacturing environment today is highly turbulent. Hence, the potential to alter factory layout has transformed the layout problem from considering long-term material handling costs to considering essential requirements, such as adaptability and proactive responsiveness to dynamic changes. This is beyond the costs of material handling and machine relocation when reconfiguring the layout. As continuation of the authors’ previous work, this paper proposes to incorporate function block methodology in dealing with the layout issues in the frequently changing environment of job-shop assembly operations so as to increase the autonomy and adaptability of the assembly operations against changes.

  • 49.
    Koh, S. C. Lenny
    et al.
    Management School, Logistics and Supply Chain Management (LSCM) Research Centre, Sheffield University, UK.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Overview of Enterprise Networks and Logistics for Agile Manufacturing2010Ingår i: Enterprise Networks and Logistics for Agile Manufacturing / [ed] Lihui Wang, S C. Lenny Koh, London: Springer, 2010, s. 1-10Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    The demand for research and development of enterprise networks and logistics has been on an upward  trajectory  over  the  last  decades.  With  a  need  for  more  innovative  and  responsive enterprise network structure, technology and supply chain to deal with an ever-changing and highly  competitive  market,  the  agility  of  processes,  organisations  and  their  supply  chain, particularly in a manufacturing environment, need to be re-examined. This chapter provides an overview of the current status and potential future trends in this area. More specifically, this will be analysed within the context of agile manufacturing.

  • 50.
    Li, Weidong
    et al.
    Coventry University, United Kingdom.
    Wang, Lihui
    Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för teknik och samhälle. Högskolan i Skövde, Forskningscentrum för Virtuella system.
    Li, Xinyu
    Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
    Gao, Liang
    Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.
    Intelligent Optimisation for Integrated Process Planning and Scheduling2011Ingår i: Multi-objective Evolutionary Optimisation for Product Design and Manufacturing / [ed] Lihui Wang, Amos H. C. Ng, Kalyanmoy Deb, Springer London, 2011, s. 305-324Kapitel i bok, del av antologi (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Traditionally, process planning and scheduling were performed sequentially, where scheduling was executed after process plans had been generated. Considering the fact that the two functions are usually complementary, it is necessary to integrate them more tightly so that the performance of a manufacturing system can be improved greatly. In this chapter, a multi-agent-based framework has been developed to facilitate the integration of the two functions. In the framework, the two functions are carried out simultaneously, and an optimization agent based on evolutionary algorithms is used to manage the interactions and communications between agents to enable proper decisions to be made. To verify the feasibility and performance of the proposed approach, experimental studies conducted to compare this approach and some previous works are presented. The experimental results show the proposed approach has achieved significant improvement.

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