Background: Throughout life, sexuality is a central aspect of being human and to experience a full and healthy. Several diseases and treatments can cause problems related to sexuality and sexual health. Despite this, research has shown that nurses, for various reasons choose not to take up the subject with their patients. Aim: The aim of this literature-based study was to illuminate nurses' experiences of talking with patients about sexuality and sexual health. Method: A literature-based study where both qualitative and quantitative studies, have been used. Results: Four categories were formed: Professional liability and competence, nurse perceptions of patient, organization and work environment and culture and religion. The main results showed that the majority of nurses believe that it is their responsibility to talk about sexuality and sexual health of the patient. The obstacles that were identified could be linked to nurse private beliefs about the patient and their religion and culture, and lack of knowledge, experience and organization and work environment. Conclusions: More research is needed in the area in order to find out the underlying causes of the barriers experienced by nurses.