This systematic review explores the role of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex and its impact on concentration abilities in individuals with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It looks at attempts to manipulate dopamine levels through pharmacological interventions and assess their efficacy in enhancing cognitive functions. Only articles on the drug methylphenidate (MPH) were found. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), the review examines the neurobiological basis of pharmacological effects. The findings underscore the critical function of dopamine in regulating attention and other executive functions and reinforce the dopamine deficit hypothesis of ADHD. This research highlights the role of the prefrontal cortex and striatum in the manifestation and treatment of ADHD. The results suggest that future research should focus on personalized medication strategies that employ neuroimaging markers. The results call for a broader application of multimodal therapy, integrating pharmacological treatments with behavioral interventions to manage ADHD symptoms and improve cognitive function.