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Transcranial magnetic stimulation induced blindsight: A systematic review
University of Skövde, School of Bioscience.
University of Skövde, School of Bioscience.
2023 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

Blindsight is a phenomenon in which patients suffering damage to the primary visual cortex (V1) perceive themselves as blind, but nonetheless seem to have some residual capacity to distinguish between visual stimuli better than chance. Blindsight can be divided into two subtypes: blindsight type I and blindsight type II. Blindsight type I is defined as visual capacity in the absence of acknowledged awareness. Patients with blindsight type II have visual capacity with some feeling or sensation in the blind field. Visual pathways bypassing V1 are assumed to be responsible for the residual capacity in blindsight. To investigate whether these pathways are present in healthy individuals we examined if it is possible to induce blindsight in healthy individuals by reviewing studies that have tried to induce blindsight with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We found that TMS might be able to induce blindsight type I of side detection. We also found that TMS might be able to induce blindsight type II of colour, orientation, and trustworthiness. Further, we found that both conscious and unconscious perception of shapes are dependent on processing in early visual cortex (EVC) in healthy individuals. We conclude that the full capacity seen in blindsight is most probable caused by neural reorganisation post trauma. The visual pathways bypassing V1 are, if present in healthy individuals, too weak to influence behaviour with the possible exception of side detection. Additionally, we conclude that the use of a binary awareness scale in blindsight studies fails to capture vaguely seen stimuli.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2023. , p. 26
Keywords [en]
Blindsight, TMS, transcranial magnetic stimulation, visual cortex, unconscious
National Category
Neurosciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-22930OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-22930DiVA, id: diva2:1778713
Subject / course
Cognitive Neuroscience
Educational program
Cognitive Neuroscience - Neuropsychology and Consciousness Studies
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Examiners
Available from: 2023-07-03 Created: 2023-07-03 Last updated: 2023-07-03Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
  • apa
  • apa-cv
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
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