Dietary intake and meal patterns among young adults with high caries activity: a cross-sectional studyShow others and affiliations
2022 (English)In: BMC Oral Health, ISSN 1472-6831, E-ISSN 1472-6831, Vol. 22, article id 190
Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Background
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that is highly dependent on diet, where a lower consumption and intake frequency of sugar would be favorable. The aims were (i) to examine dietary intake and meal patterns, more specifically sugar intake and foods high in sugar, among young adults with high caries activity, and (ii) to investigate the association between dietary and meal patterns consumption, and level of caries activity.
Methods
This study presents baseline data from an ongoing randomized controlled trial. A total of 50 young adults (aged 23.0 ± 3.0 years) with ≥ 2 decayed tooth surfaces were included. Dietary intake was captured with a 59-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a three-day food diary. Adherence to dietary guidelines was analyzed by comparing the dietary intake to the Nordic Nutritional Recommendations (NNR) 2012 and by using the Healthy Dietary Adherence score (HDAS). Participants were categorized into two groups: (i) the Caries group with 2–4 decayed surfaces, and (ii) the High caries group with ≥ 5 decayed surfaces.
Results
The High caries group reported a statistically significantly higher snack and total meal intake compared to the Caries group, as well as a sugar intake exceeding the Nordic nutritional recommendations. The majority of the participants reported a high intake frequency (> 2.5/day) of sweet foods and drinks and less than one intake of fruit and vegetables, respectively, per day. Similar results were found when analyzing adherence by using the HDAS, where the lowest adherence according to dietary guidelines was shown for the food groups of sugar, whole meal products, and fruit and vegetables.
Conclusion
The results indicated a high intake of sugar and low intake of fruit, vegetables, and fiber in high caries-active individuals.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
BioMed Central, 2022. Vol. 22, article id 190
Keywords [en]
Oral health, Dental caries, Sugar, Dietary intake, Meal patterns, Young adults
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Research subject
Research on Citizen Centered Health, University of Skövde (Reacch US)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-21161DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02227-wISI: 000797976100005PubMedID: 35590301Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85130417196OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-21161DiVA, id: diva2:1659757
Funder
University of GothenburgRegion Västra Götaland
Note
CC BY 4.0
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© The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
Funding: The authors disclosed receipt of the following financialsupport for the research, authorship, and/or publication of thisarticle: This work was supported by the School of Health Science sand the Research Group Family Centered Health (FamCeH), University of Skövde, Sweden; Regionhälsan Midwifery Unit, Västra Götalandsregionen, Sweden; School of Informatics, University of Skövde, Sweden; Skaraborgs Hospital, Skövde, Sweden; Chalmers Innovationskontoret, Sweden.
2022-05-202022-05-202022-09-02Bibliographically approved