Playing video games online is for most people considered a fun leisure activity, but for some people it may develop into behavioral addiction, leading to serious negative consequences. In 2013, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) introduced Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) in Section III of the 5th revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), as a new potential disorder in need of further investigation. Introducing this disorder has been controversial and therefore I choose to investigate if the neurobiological research supports IGD being classified as its own disorder, or more controversially a behavioral addiction. This has been done by systematically reviewing the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) research that has compared differences in grey-matter volume, cortical thickness, brain activity, and functional connectivity between patients with IGD and healthy controls (HC). I found several neurobiological differences between patients with IGD and HC, especially in brain regions responsible for cognitive control, reward processing, and creation of cue-induced cravings: findings also found in individuals with substance abuse disorders. I conclude that the evidence is not strong enough to support IGD being classified as a unique behavioral addiction, but possibly a genuine disorder.