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Prevalens och uppföljning av latent tuberkulos bland migranter i Region Jönköpings Län
University of Skövde, School of Health and Education.
2018 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Prevalens and follow-up of latent tuberculosis among immigrants in the county of Jönköping (English)
Abstract [sv]

Introduktion: Tuberkulos är en av världens mest spridda infektionssjukdomar. En tredjedel av jordens befolkning beräknas bära på bakterien utan att vara sjuka (latent tuberkulos, LTBI). Närmare tio procent av bärarna utvecklar aktiv tuberkulos någon gång under livet. Europa har jämförelsevis låg incidens av tuberkulos och i Sverige har antalet tuberkulosfall minskat sedan mitten av 40-talet. I Sverige ses de senaste årens ökade antal migranter som en förklaring till en tillfälligt ökad prevalens av tuberkulos. Tidig diagnostik och behandling av tuberkulos är avgörande faktorer för att förhindra smittspridning och ger den enskilde individen möjlighet att hantera sin hälsa, vilket är angeläget ur ett folkhälsoperspektiv. Landstingen/regionerna har valt olika strategier för vilka som ska inkluderas i screening för tuberkulos vid hälsoundersökningar av migranter.

Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka prevalens och uppföljning av latent tuberkulos bland migranter som genomgått hälsoundersökning vid vårdcentraler i Region Jönköpings län.

Metod: Studien var en retrospektiv observationsstudie utifrån kvantitativ ansats. Data samlades in genom journalgranskning och 361 journaler inkluderades i analyserna. Förekomst av latent och aktiv tuberkulos korrelerades med kön, ålder och ursprungsland.

Resultat: Resultaten från studien visade att prevalensen av LTBI i studiepopulationen var 9.4 %. Resultaten visade att LTBI var vanligare hos män och individer > 35 år. Däremot sågs inga skillnader utifrån ursprungsland.

Slutsats: Studien är av begränsad storlek och därmed generaliserbarhet. LTBI är relativt vanligt bland migranter. Ytterligare studier behövs för att identifiera optimala rutiner för screening och förebyggande insatser i migrantgruppen.

Abstract [en]

Introduction: Tuberculosis is one of the world's most widespread infectious diseases. One third of the world’s population is expected to carry the bacterium without being ill (latent tuberculosis, LTBI). Nearly ten percent of the carriers develop active tuberculosis sometime during their lifetime. Europe has a comparatively low incidence of tuberculosis and in Sweden the number of cases of tuberculosis has decreased since the mid-40s. In Sweden, the increased number of immigrants in recent years is seen as an explanation for a temporarily increased prevalence of tuberculosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis are key factors in preventing the spread of infection and giving the individual the opportunity to manage their health, which is important from a public health perspective. The county councils/regions have chosen different strategies for whom to be included in screening for tuberculosis in health surveys of immigrants.

Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence and follow-up of latent tuberculosis among immigrants who have undergone a health examination at health centers in the County of Jönköping.

Method: The study was a retrospective observation study based on quantitative approach. Data was collected through journal review and 361 records were included in the analysis. The presence of latent and active tuberculosis was correlated with gender, age and country of origin.

Results: The results of the study showed that the prevalence of LTBI in the study population was 9.4%. The results showed that LTBI was more common in men and individuals > 35 years. However, no differences were seen by country of origin.

Conclusion: The study is of limited size and thus generalisability. LTBI is relatively common among immigrants. Further studies are needed to identify optimal routines for screening and preventive measures in the immigrant group.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2018. , p. 33
Keywords [en]
age, infection disease, latent tuberculosis, immigrant, risk country
Keywords [sv]
infektionssjukdom, latent tuberkulos, migrant, riskland, ålder
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-16637OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-16637DiVA, id: diva2:1289417
Subject / course
Public Health Science
Educational program
Public Health Science: Infection Prevention and Control - Master’s Programme 60 ECTS
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2019-02-22 Created: 2019-02-18 Last updated: 2019-02-22Bibliographically approved

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