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Diagnostic accuracy of procalcitonin, neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio, C-reactive protein, and lactate in patients with suspected bacterial sepsis
Department of Infectious Diseases, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden.
University of Skövde, School of Bioscience. University of Skövde, The Systems Biology Research Centre. (Infektionsbiologi, Infection Biology)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4221-6013
Department of Infectious Diseases, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden / CARe–Center for Antibiotic Resistance Research, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
CARe–Center for Antibiotic Resistance Research, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden / Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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2017 (English)In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 12, no 7, article id e018704Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND:

Early recognition is a key factor to achieve improved outcomes for septic patients. Combinations of biomarkers, as opposed to single ones, may improve timely diagnosis and survival. We investigated the performance characteristics of sepsis biomarkers, alone and in combination, for diagnosis of verified bacterial sepsis using Sepsis-2 and Sepsis-3 criteria, respectively.

METHODS:

Procalcitonin (PCT), neutrophil-lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate were determined in a total of 1,572 episodes of adult patients admitted to the emergency department on suspicion of sepsis. All sampling were performed prior to antibiotic administration. Discriminant analysis was used to construct two composite biomarkers consisting of linear combinations of the investigated biomarkers, one including three selected biomarkers (i.e., NLCR, CRP, and lactate), and another including all four (i.e., PCT, NLCR, CRP, and lactate). The diagnostic performances of the composite biomarkers as well as the individual biomarkers were compared using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

RESULTS:

For diagnosis of bacterial sepsis based on Sepsis-3 criteria, the AUC for PCT (0.68; 95% CI 0.65-0.71) was comparable to the AUCs for the both composite biomarkers. Using the Sepsis-2 criteria for bacterial sepsis diagnosis, the AUC for the NLCR (0.68; 95% CI 0.65-0.71) but not for the other single biomarkers, was equal to the AUCs for the both composite biomarkers. For diagnosis of severe bacterial sepsis or septic shock based on the Sepsis-2 criteria, the AUCs for both composite biomarkers were significantly greater than those of the single biomarkers (0.85; 95% CI 0.82-0.88 for the composite three-biomarker, and 0.86; 95% CI 0.83-0.89 for the composite four-biomarker).

CONCLUSIONS:

Combinations of biomarkers can improve the diagnosis of verified bacterial sepsis in the most critically ill patients, but in less severe septic conditions either the NLCR or PCT alone exhibit equivalent performance.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Public Library of Science , 2017. Vol. 12, no 7, article id e018704
National Category
Clinical Medicine
Research subject
Infection Biology; INF502 Biomarkers
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-14004DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181704ISI: 000406634500106PubMedID: 28727802Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85024853446OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-14004DiVA, id: diva2:1134126
Available from: 2017-08-18 Created: 2017-08-18 Last updated: 2021-06-14Bibliographically approved

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Pernestig, Anna-KarinTilevik, Diana

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