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Conceptualizations of Personality Disorders with the Five Factor Model-count and Empathy Traits
University of Skövde, School of Bioscience. University of Skövde, The Systems Biology Research Centre. Department of Social and Behavioral Studies, University West, Sweden / Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden. (Kognitiv Neurovetenskap och Filosofi, Consciousness and Cognitive Neuroscience)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0629-353X
Department of Social and Behavioral Studies, University West, Sweden.
2017 (English)In: International Journal of Testing, ISSN 1530-5058, E-ISSN 1532-7574, Vol. 17, no 2, p. 141-157Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Previous research has long advocated that emotional and behavioral disorders are related to general personality traits, such as the Five Factor Model (FFM). The addition of section III in the latest Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) recommends that extremity in personality traits together with maladaptive interpersonal functioning, such as lack of empathy, are used for identifying psychopathology and particularly personality disorders (PD). The objective of the present study was to measure dispositions for DSM categories based on normal personality continuums, and to conceptualize these with empathy traits. We used a validated FFM-count method based on the five personality factors (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness), and related these to 4 empathy traits (emphatic concern, perspective-taking, fantasy, and personal distress). The results showed that FFM-based PD scores overall could be conceptualized using only two of the empathy traits, low emphatic concern and high personal distress. Further, specific dispositions for personality disorders were characterized with distinct empathy traits (e.g., histrionic with high fantasy, and paranoid with low perspective-taking). These findings may have both theoretical and practical implications in capturing potential for personality disorders with ease and efficiency.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis, 2017. Vol. 17, no 2, p. 141-157
Keywords [en]
empathy, FFM, personality disorders, personality traits
National Category
Psychology
Research subject
Consciousness and Cognitive Neuroscience
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-13396DOI: 10.1080/15305058.2017.1279164ISI: 000402241300003Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85011277383OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-13396DiVA, id: diva2:1075120
Available from: 2017-02-17 Created: 2017-02-17 Last updated: 2020-05-18Bibliographically approved

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Kajonius, Petri J.

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