Acupuncture involving insertion of thin sterile needles into the skin, muscles, and fibrous/fat tissues is a part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Western medical acupuncture described in this chapter is an adaptation of Chinese acupuncture using current knowledge of anatomy, physiology, pathology, and evidence-based medicine, instead of using concepts such as meridians, yin/yang, and circulation of qi. This chapter describes the use of acupuncture in the treatment of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) from a western medical approach including potential mechanism of action, experimental data as well as clinical data.