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Synergistic Effects of Austempering Variables on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Temperature Austenitized Compacted Graphite Irons
University of Skövde, School of Engineering Science. University of Skövde, Virtual Engineering Research Environment. (Virtual Manufacturing Processes (VMP))ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2698-5445
University of Skövde, School of Engineering Science. University of Skövde, Virtual Engineering Research Environment. (Virtual Manufacturing Processes (VMP))ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0899-8939
Department of Materials and Manufacturing, School of Engineering, Jönköping University, Sweden.
2025 (English)In: Journal of materials engineering and performance (Print), ISSN 1059-9495, E-ISSN 1544-1024Article in journal (Refereed) Epub ahead of print
Abstract [en]

Low-austenitizing temperature practices resulted in substantial changes in both microstructure and mechanical properties of the fully ferritic as-cast Compacted Graphite Irons (CGI). The austempering processes were accomplished through first austenitizing at 850 °C for 60 min followed by quenching in a salt-bath at 275, 325, and 375 °C for times ranging from 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. In contrast with the austenitizing performed at 900 °C performed on the same material, the microstructure consisted of a notable volume fraction of proeutectoid ferrite, which was not observed under similar austempering temperature and time conditions. Lowering the austenitizing temperature to 850 °C resulted in decreased untransformed austenite. Depending on the austempering conditions, a notable improvement was achieved in both Brinell and Vickers hardness compared to the as-cast CGI. The ausferrite matrix led to remarkable increases in yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), and a decrease in total elongation to failure. The highest YS and UTS values were achieved for specimens austempered at 275 °C while increasing the austempering temperature decreased both YS and UTS. Furthermore, the results showed that the austempering temperature had a more significant impact on YS and UTS than the austempering time. All austempered CGI specimens exhibited primarily brittle failure attributes, while ferritic CGIs showed a mixed failure mode.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2025.
Keywords [en]
ausferrite matrix, austempered CGI, fracture surface, low-austenitizing temperature, residual austenite, tensile properties
National Category
Other Materials Engineering
Research subject
Virtual Manufacturing Processes
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-24853DOI: 10.1007/s11665-025-10636-5ISI: 001400758700001OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-24853DiVA, id: diva2:1929846
Funder
University of Skövde
Note

CC BY 4.0

Published online: 20 January 2025

Contact e-mail: Rohollah.Ghasemi@his.se

Open access funding provided by University of Skövde.

Available from: 2025-01-21 Created: 2025-01-21 Last updated: 2025-02-04Bibliographically approved

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Ghasemi, RohollahSalomonsson, Kent

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