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Meaning of wellness in caring science based on Rodgers's evolutionary concept analysis
Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.
Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2261-0112
School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Sweden.
School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Sweden.
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2024 (English)In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 38, no 1, p. 185-199Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Wellness is a holistic, multidimensional, and process-oriented property on a continuum. It has been used interchangeably with and is undifferentiated from concepts such as health and well-being without an in-depth clarification of its theoretical foundations and a reflection on its meaning. The concept of wellness is frequently used, but its definition remains unclear. Aim: To conceptually and theoretically explore the concept of wellness to contribute to a deeper understanding in caring science. Method: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis was applied to the theoretical investigation of data from publications of international origins. The focus was on antecedents, attributes, consequences, surrogate and related terms, and contextual references. A literature search was performed through a manual review of reference lists and an online search in CINAHL and PubMed via EBSCO, and in ProQuest. Abstracts were examined to identify relevant studies for further review. The inclusion criteria were peer-reviewed papers in English; papers published in scientific journals using the surrogate terms ‘wellness’, ‘health’, ‘health care’, and ‘health care and wellness’; and papers discussing and/or defining the concept of wellness. Twenty-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Based on the findings from this concept analysis, a definition of wellness was developed: ‘a holistic and multidimensional concept represented on a continuum of being well that goes beyond health’. Implications for nursing practice were correspondingly presented. Conclusion: Wellness is defined as a holistic and comprehensive multidimensional concept represented on a continuum of being well, that goes beyond health. It calls attention by applying the salutogenic perspective to health promotion in caring science. It is strongly related to individual lifestyle and health behaviour and is frequently used interchangeably with health and well-being without an in-depth clarification of its theoretical foundation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2024. Vol. 38, no 1, p. 185-199
Keywords [en]
caring science, health, health care, literature review, Rodgers' concept analysis, well-being, wellness, article, attention, care behavior, Cinahl, concept analysis, health behavior, health promotion, human, lifestyle, Medline, nursing practice, systematic review, theoretical study, wellbeing
National Category
Nursing Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology
Research subject
Family-Centred Health
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-23084DOI: 10.1111/scs.13196ISI: 001039595100001PubMedID: 37507842Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85166424951OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-23084DiVA, id: diva2:1786772
Note

CC BY 4.0

© 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring Science.

Theoretical article

Correspondence: Anette Ekström-Bergström, Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden. Email: anette-ekstrom.bergstrom@hv.se

Available from: 2023-08-10 Created: 2023-08-10 Last updated: 2024-02-14Bibliographically approved

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Ekström-Bergström, AnetteThorstensson, Stina

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