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Towards a standardised definition for fundamental care: a modified Delphi study
University of Adelaide, Australia.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9414-2242
University of Adelaide, Australia.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0653-7960
Uppsala University, Sweden / Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6888-3792
Uppsala University, Sweden / Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7221-2876
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2018 (English)In: Journal of Clinical Nursing, ISSN 0962-1067, E-ISSN 1365-2702, Vol. 27, no 11-12, p. 2285-2299Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

AIMS: To generate a standardised definition for fundamental care and identify the discrete elements that constitute such care.

BACKGROUND: There is poor conceptual clarity surrounding fundamental care. The Fundamentals of Care Framework aims to overcome this problem by outlining three core dimensions underpinning such care. Implementing the Framework requires a standardised definition for fundamental care that reflects the Framework's conceptual understanding, as well as agreement on the elements that comprise such care (i.e., patient needs, such as nutrition, and nurse actions, such as empathy). This study sought to achieve this consensus.

DESIGN: Modified Delphi study.

METHODS: Three phases: (1) engaging stakeholders via an interactive workshop; (2) using workshop findings to develop a preliminary definition for, and identify the discrete elements that constitute, fundamental care; and (3) gaining consensus on the definition and elements via a two-round Delphi approach (Round 1 n=38; Round 2 n=28).

RESULTS: Delphi participants perceived both the definition and elements generated from the workshop as comprehensive, but beyond the scope of fundamental care. Participants questioned whether the definition should focus on patient needs and nurse actions, or more broadly on how fundamental care should be delivered (e.g., through a trusting nurse-patient relationship), and the outcomes of this care delivery. There were also mixed opinions whether the definition should be nursing specific.

CONCLUSIONS: This study has initiated crucial dialogue around how fundamental care is conceptualised and defined. Future work should focus on further refinements of the definition and elements with a larger, international group of practising nurses and service users. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2018. Vol. 27, no 11-12, p. 2285-2299
Keywords [en]
Delphi study, Fundamental care, basic nursing care, definition, fundamentals of care
National Category
Nursing
Research subject
Wellbeing in long-term health problems (WeLHP)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:his:diva-14614DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14247ISI: 000434127600009PubMedID: 29278437Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85041860881OAI: oai:DiVA.org:his-14614DiVA, id: diva2:1170066
Note

© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

Available from: 2018-01-02 Created: 2018-01-02 Last updated: 2021-01-07Bibliographically approved

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Browall, Maria

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